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added infobox & info on hiv status + no travel restrictions
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{{setLocation
{{setLocation
|Country=Bulgaria
|Country=Bulgaria
|State=Northwest Bulgaria
|City=Sofia
|City=Sofia
}}
}}


[[File:Sofia.jpg|500px | thumb|right|]]
{| class="wikitable" style="width:200px; border:1px solid black;float:right"
|-
|colspan="8" style="text-align:center"|[[File:Sofia.jpg|300px | thumb|right|]]
|-
| '''Contraception: Over-the-Counter'''
| condoms, pills (sometimes no prescription), IUD (device purchase only)
|-
| '''Contraception: Prescription/Clinic Required'''
| pills (sometimes prescription needed), IUD insertion
|-
| '''Emergency Contraception'''
| no prescription required (usually)
|-
| '''STIs'''
| testing available; no travel restrictions
|-
| '''Menstrual Products'''
| pads, tampons, cups
|-
| '''Abortion Law'''
| legally available upon request (up to 12 weeks gestation)
|-
| '''LGBTQ Laws'''
| homosexuality legal
|-
| '''Related Pages'''
| [[Bulgaria]]
|-
|}
 


'''OVERVIEW'''  
'''OVERVIEW'''  
In Bulgaria, you will find a range of health care options. Condoms are readily available at supermarkets, pharmacies, petrol stations, and various stores, and they are the most commonly used form of contraception. While you technically need a prescription for birth control pills, this is not strictly enforced at all pharmacies. If you are a foreigner, or if you already have a box of pills that you can show the pharmacist, you can typically obtain birth control pills without a prescription. Other forms of contraception, such as IUDs, are also available in Bulgaria, but there are extremely low usage rates for some other forms of contraception, such as contraceptive implants and contraceptive injectables. Regarding emergency contraceptive pills (morning after pills), they are available over-the-counter at pharmacies, even if they may be technically available by prescription only.
Regarding STIS, you can receive an HIV test and other STI tests at a variety of places in Bulgaria, such as VCT (i.e. voluntary counseling and treatment) centers, mobile testing facilities, health education centers, public clinics and hospitals, and private clinics and hospitals. It is possible to get free HIV tests in Bulgaria, though you will generally need to pay for your test if you go to a private hospital or clinic. While HIV infection rates in Bulgaria are generally rather low, the rate of HIV knowledge among young also happens to be low and certainly not everyone who is infected knows their status. Furthermore, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) does not appear to be generally available yet in Bulgaria, and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) is only available in some cases.
You can find pads, pantyliners, tampons, and menstrual cups sold in pharmacies in Bulgaria. However, it should be noted that menstrual cups are a specialty product, and they will not appear in all pharmacies. You can refer to the "Menstruation" section for a list of some pharmacies that do carry cups.
Regarding pregnancy, Bulgaria has a relatively low maternal mortality rate and offers a generous maternity leave plan for women. Finally, abortion is legally available upon request during the first twelve weeks of gestation.


==Contraception (Birth Control)==
==Contraception (Birth Control)==
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===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===


In Bulgaria, you can purchase condoms without a prescription at markets, pharmacies, kiosks, and online vendors. You technically need a prescription to obtain birth control pills and most forms of contraception.<ref>[http://ocsotc.org/wp-content/uploads/worldmap/worldmap.html Global Oral Contraception Availability]</ref> <ref>[http://freethepill.org/where-on-earth/ Free the Pill: Where on Earth?]</ref> However, according to online sources, some pharmacies sell birth control pills over-the-counter, particularly if you have a box (including an empty box) of the birth control pill brand that you use on hand.<ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/bulgaria/comments/2b9dfj/getting_birth_control_pills_in_bulgaria/ Getting birth control pills in Bulgaria?]</ref> <ref>[http://www.mybulgaria.info/forum/viewtopic.php?t=32750 Contraceptive pill]</ref> According to one pharmacist in Sofia (November 2018): "If a woman asks for some of these pills, she needs to show a prescription, but if she comes from another country, or if she forgot the prescription and brings the package of the pills she's tasking, I am sure the pharmacist will give her the pills."
In Bulgaria, you can purchase condoms without a prescription at markets, pharmacies, kiosks, and online vendors. You technically need a prescription to obtain birth control pills and most forms of contraception.<ref>[http://ocsotc.org/wp-content/uploads/worldmap/worldmap.html Global Oral Contraception Availability]</ref> <ref>[http://freethepill.org/where-on-earth/ Free the Pill: Where on Earth?]</ref> However, according to online sources, some pharmacies sell birth control pills over-the-counter, particularly if you have a box (including an empty box) of the birth control pill brand that you use on hand.<ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/bulgaria/comments/2b9dfj/getting_birth_control_pills_in_bulgaria/ Getting birth control pills in Bulgaria?]</ref> <ref>[http://www.mybulgaria.info/forum/viewtopic.php?t=32750 Contraceptive pill]</ref> According to one pharmacist in Sofia (November 2018): "If a woman asks for some of these pills, she needs to show a prescription, but if she comes from another country, or if she forgot the prescription and brings the package of the pills she's taking, I am sure the pharmacist will give her the pills."


Generally speaking, condoms are the most commonly used form of contraception, and women tend to have smaller families with 1.46 children born per woman (CIA World Factbook, 2017).<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html CIA World Factbook - Bulgaria]</ref> It was estimated in 2015 that 67% of Bulgarian women (who were married/in unions and of reproductive age) used any form of contraception, including traditional methods, which was slightly lower than the Eastern European average (about 69% of women). Furthermore, about 13.5% of women had unmet family planning needs, which was slightly higher than the Eastern European average (about 10%). The most common forms of contraception was male condoms, which were used by 26.5% of women. Many women chose to use withdrawal, also known as the "pull-out method," as their main form of contraception (about 18% of women). This was followed by IUDs (about 11% of women) and birth control pills (about 7% of women). There were rather low rates of usage for all other forms of contraception, including female sterilization (2.5% of women), the rhythm method (about 1% of women), male sterilization (less than 1% of women), and female barrier methods (less than 1% of women). There were practically no women who were found to be using contraceptive injectables (0.0% of women) and contraceptive implants (0.0% of women).<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/trendsContraceptiveUse2015Report.pdf Trends in Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015]</ref>
Generally speaking, condoms are the most commonly used form of contraception, and women tend to have smaller families with 1.46 children born per woman (CIA World Factbook, 2017).<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html CIA World Factbook - Bulgaria]</ref> It was estimated in 2015 that 67% of Bulgarian women (who were married/in unions and of reproductive age) used any form of contraception, including traditional methods, which was slightly lower than the Eastern European average (about 69% of women). Furthermore, about 13.5% of women had unmet family planning needs, which was slightly higher than the Eastern European average (about 10%). The most common forms of contraception was male condoms, which were used by 26.5% of women. Many women chose to use withdrawal, also known as the "pull-out method," as their main form of contraception (about 18% of women). This was followed by IUDs (about 11% of women) and birth control pills (about 7% of women). There were rather low rates of usage for all other forms of contraception, including female sterilization (2.5% of women), the rhythm method (about 1% of women), male sterilization (less than 1% of women), and female barrier methods (less than 1% of women). There were practically no women who were found to be using contraceptive injectables (0.0% of women) and contraceptive implants (0.0% of women).<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/trendsContraceptiveUse2015Report.pdf Trends in Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015]</ref>
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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===


* In Bulgaria, you can easily purchase '''condoms''' without a prescription at supermarkets, pharmacies, petrol stations, and various stores. They are generally easy to find and you shouldn't encounter significant stigma or if you buy them. You'll be able to find international brands, such as Durex, and Bulgarian brands, which tend to be cheaper. For Bulgarian women, condoms are the most common form of contraception.
* In Bulgaria, you can easily purchase '''condoms''' without a prescription at supermarkets, pharmacies, petrol stations, and various stores. They are generally easy to find and you shouldn't encounter significant stigma if you buy them. You'll be able to find international brands, such as Durex, and Bulgarian brands, which tend to be cheaper. For Bulgarian women, condoms are the most common form of contraception.
* You can find '''birth control pills''' at pharmacies. From a legal perspective, a prescription may be required to purchase birth control pills, but some pharmacies may sell pills over-the-counter, according to multiple online sources, especially if you are foreigner or have a box of the pills you commonly use. Some of the brands that you can expect to see are Jasmin (Bayer), Logest (Bayer), Lindinette 30 (Gedeon Richter), Miligest (Gedeon Richter), Belara (Gedeon Richter), and Jazz (Bayer), among other brands.
* You can find '''birth control pills''' at pharmacies. From a legal perspective, a prescription may be required to purchase birth control pills, but some pharmacies may sell pills over-the-counter, according to multiple online sources, especially if you are foreigner or have a box of the pills you commonly use. Some of the brands that you can expect to see are Jasmin (Bayer), Logest (Bayer), Lindinette 30 (Gedeon Richter), Miligest (Gedeon Richter), Belara (Gedeon Richter), and Jazz (Bayer), among other brands.
* You can find '''intra-uterine devices (IUDs)''' in Bulgaria. To learn more about the insertion procedures, brands available, or prices, you should contact a local gynecologist or clinic.
* You can find '''intra-uterine devices (IUDs)''' in Bulgaria. For example, at [http://www.tokudabolnica.bg/en/gynecologic-oncology-and-advanced-pelvic-surgery Acibadem CityClinic - Tokuda Hospital], you can obtain an IUD insertion for 70 BGN, as of November 2018, after  you have a consultation. However, you should note that, at Acibadem and some other clinics, you actually buy the IUD at the pharmacy and then they handle the insertion procedure. To learn more about the insertion procedures, brands available, or prices, you should contact a local gynecologist or clinic.
* Pharmacies all sell contraceptive creams and vaginal tablets, but they are rarely used, according to a pharmacist that we spoke to.
* Generally speaking, '''contraceptive implants''' and '''contraceptive shots/injectables''' appear to be very rare in Bulgaria, as of November 2018. While most clinics and hospitals will probably not provide such services, some of them may. You should directly contact your health care provider to inquire.
* Pharmacies in Bulgaria sell '''contraceptive creams''' and '''vaginal tablets''', but they are rarely used, according to a pharmacist that we spoke to.


===Costs===
===Costs===
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* Here are the quoted prices for '''condoms''' from one Sofia pharmacy (November 2018): Durex - 3 pieces around 2 EUR, Bulgarian brands - 10 cents a piece.
* Here are the quoted prices for '''condoms''' from one Sofia pharmacy (November 2018): Durex - 3 pieces around 2 EUR, Bulgarian brands - 10 cents a piece.
* Here are the quoted prices for '''birth control pills''' from one Sofia pharmacy (November 2018): Jasmin (Bayer) - around 7 EUR, Logest (Bayer) - around 5 EUR, Lindinette 30 (Gedeon Richter) - around 3-4 EUR, Miligest (Gedeon Richter) - 6 EUR, Belara (Gedeon Richter) - 11 EUR, Jazz (Bayer) - 11 EUR
* Here are the quoted prices for '''birth control pills''' from one Sofia pharmacy (November 2018): Jasmin (Bayer) - around 7 EUR, Logest (Bayer) - around 5 EUR, Lindinette 30 (Gedeon Richter) - around 3-4 EUR, Miligest (Gedeon Richter) - 6 EUR, Belara (Gedeon Richter) - 11 EUR, Jazz (Bayer) - 11 EUR
* Here is the quoted price for '''IUD insertion''' (not for the device -- just insertion) at one clinic (as of November 2018): 70 BGN


==Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)==
==Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)==
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===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===


In Bulgaria, emergency contraceptive pills (morning after pills) are generally available over-the-counter at pharmacies, though a pharmacist may first ask for a prescription. Furthermore, for some ECP brands, you can directly view and obtain the pills at pharmacies (i.e. they can be found on pharmacy shelves) without specially request the pills from pharmacists. According to one pharmacist in Sofia (November 2018): Emergency contraceptive pills are sold to "...anyone who really needs it. I mean, we are obliged to ask for a prescription, but if the person forgot it, or simply explains that she really needs it, we make exceptions."
In Bulgaria, emergency contraceptive pills (morning after pills) are generally available over-the-counter at pharmacies, though a pharmacist may first ask for a prescription. Furthermore, for some ECP brands, you can directly view and obtain the pills at pharmacies (i.e. they can be found on pharmacy shelves) without requesting the pills from pharmacists. According to one pharmacist in Sofia (November 2018): Emergency contraceptive pills are sold to "...anyone who really needs it. I mean, we are obliged to ask for a prescription, but if the person forgot it, or simply explains that she really needs it, we make exceptions."


There may be restrictions related to age at some pharmacies, but this does not seem to be the case at all pharmacies. According to the European Consortium for Emergency Contraception, people under 16 years old in Bulgaria can purchase UPA morning after pill brands (such as ellaOne) without a prescription. However, minors (under 16 years old) may need a prescription to purchase LNG morning after pills (such as Postinor-Duo or Escapelle) from pharmacies.<ref>[http://www.ec-ec.org/emergency-contraception-in-europe/country-by-country-information-2/bulgaria/ ECEC: Bulgaria]</ref>
There may be restrictions related to age at some pharmacies, but this does not seem to be the case at all pharmacies. According to the European Consortium for Emergency Contraception, people under 16 years old in Bulgaria can purchase UPA morning after pill brands (such as ellaOne) without a prescription. However, minors (under 16 years old) may need a prescription to purchase LNG morning after pills (such as Postinor-Duo or Escapelle) from pharmacies.<ref>[http://www.ec-ec.org/emergency-contraception-in-europe/country-by-country-information-2/bulgaria/ ECEC: Bulgaria]</ref>
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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===


* You can get the emergency contraceptive pill (morning after pill) at pharmacies in Bulgaria. You may be initially asked for a prescription, but you can usually purchase the pills over-the-counter if you do not have one. Some of the brands you can expect to see are Escapelle and Elaine.
* You can get the emergency contraceptive pill (morning after pill) at pharmacies in Bulgaria. You may be initially asked for a prescription, but you can usually purchase the pills over-the-counter if you do not have one. Some of the brands you can expect to see are Escapelle and ellaOne.
* You may be able to purchase emergency contraceptive pills online from Bulgarian pharmacies. For example, you can buy ellaOne from [https://apteka.framar.bg/30018198/%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB-30-%D0%BC%D0%B3-1 this online pharmacy], as of November 2018. However, prices will probably be much higher than if you walked into a pharmacy and purchased the medication yourself.
* You may be able to purchase emergency contraceptive pills online from Bulgarian pharmacies. For example, you can buy ellaOne from [https://apteka.framar.bg/30018198/%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB-30-%D0%BC%D0%B3-1 this online pharmacy], as of November 2018. However, prices will probably be much higher than if you walked into a pharmacy and purchased the medication yourself.


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===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===


In Bulgaria, there are an estimated 2800 adults living with HIV, which accounts for less than 0.1% of the population, as of 2017. Furthermore, the infection rate has decreased by 14% since 2000. It is estimated that about 87% of people living with HIV in Bulgaria know their status, and 43% of adults and children who have HIV are receiving 43%. However, there are higher HIV infection rates in certain communities<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3360374/ HIV epidemic in Bulgaria]</ref>, such as men who have sex with men (3.9%), prisoners (1.7%), and injection drug users (1.7%). It is estimated that around 0.3% of sex workers are living with HIV. One factor to consider is that HIV knowledge in Bulgaria tends to be low, with a little under 19% of young people (ages 15-24) holding  knowledge of HIV prevention.<ref>[http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/bulgaria UNAIDS - Bulgaria Factsheet, 2017]</ref>  
There are no travel restrictions related to HIV status, as of 2020.<ref>[http://www.hivtravel.org/Default.aspx?PageId=143&CountryId=34 BULGARIA - REGULATIONS ON ENTRY, STAY AND RESIDENCE FOR PLHIV]</ref>
 
In Bulgaria, there are an estimated 2800 adults living with HIV, which accounts for less than 0.1% of the population, as of 2017. Furthermore, the infection rate has decreased by 14% since 2000. It is estimated that about 87% of people living with HIV in Bulgaria know their status, and 43% of adults and children who have HIV are receiving ART. However, there are higher HIV infection rates in certain communities<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3360374/ HIV epidemic in Bulgaria]</ref>, such as men who have sex with men (3.9%), prisoners (1.7%), and injection drug users (1.7%). It is estimated that around 0.3% of sex workers are living with HIV. One factor to consider is that HIV knowledge in Bulgaria tends to be low, with a little under 19% of young people (ages 15-24) holding  knowledge of HIV prevention.<ref>[http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/bulgaria UNAIDS - Bulgaria Factsheet, 2017]</ref>


===Testing Facilities===  
===Testing Facilities===  
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* Tip: You can receive an HIV test and other STI tests at a variety of places in Bulgaria, such as VCT (i.e. voluntary counseling and treatment) centers, mobile testing facilities, health education centers, public clinics and hospitals, and private clinics and hospitals.<ref>[https://ecdc.europa.eu/sites/portal/files/documents/HIV%20STI%20and%20viral%20hepatitis%20Bulgaria%20Sep%20and%20nov%202016.pdf Techical missions: HIV, STI and viral hepatitis in Bulgaria]</ref> For a list of testing facilities in Bulgaria, you can visit [http://deystvie.org/en/hiv-and-stis/where-to-get-tested-for-hiv/ this informational page], created by Deystvie.
* Tip: You can receive an HIV test and other STI tests at a variety of places in Bulgaria, such as VCT (i.e. voluntary counseling and treatment) centers, mobile testing facilities, health education centers, public clinics and hospitals, and private clinics and hospitals.<ref>[https://ecdc.europa.eu/sites/portal/files/documents/HIV%20STI%20and%20viral%20hepatitis%20Bulgaria%20Sep%20and%20nov%202016.pdf Techical missions: HIV, STI and viral hepatitis in Bulgaria]</ref> For a list of testing facilities in Bulgaria, you can visit [http://deystvie.org/en/hiv-and-stis/where-to-get-tested-for-hiv/ this informational page], created by Deystvie.
* [http://checkpointsofia.info/ CheckPoint Sofia]: Free and anonymous testing for HIV, hepatitis B and C, syphilis. Hours: Monday – Friday: 12:00 – 20:00, Saturday: 12:00 – 18:00, Break: 16:00 – 16:30. Address: ul. Tsar Samuil 111, Sofia. Phone: +359 2 952 33 99. Email: info@checkpointsofia.info
* [http://checkpointsofia.info/ CheckPoint Sofia]: Free and anonymous testing for HIV, hepatitis B and C, syphilis. Hours: Monday – Friday: 12:00 – 20:00, Saturday: 12:00 – 18:00, Break: 16:00 – 16:30. Address: ul. Tsar Samuil 111, Sofia. Phone: +359 2 952 33 99. Email: info@checkpointsofia.info
* [http://greenberg.bg/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%822 Dr. Greenberg Diagnostic & Consultative Center]: HIV blood test costs 25 euros, syphilis RPR - 18 Euros, gonorrhea genetic test - 38 euros, chlamydia trachomatis serum test - 37 Euros, as of November 2018. Address: 23-A, Kopenhagen st, Druzhba-2, 1582-Sofia, Bulgaria - Mladost-3, Dr. At. Moskov st, Block 325. 02/4170519, 0898776812, 02/9744933. e-mail: dccgreenberg@gmail.com, dccgreenberg@intech.bg
* [http://www.tokudabolnica.bg/en/gynecologic-oncology-and-advanced-pelvic-surgery Acibadem CityClinic - Tokuda Hospital]: This international hospital group offers high-quality care. Here are their quoted prices for STI tests, as of November 2018: estimated prices are as it follows (after the consultation the specialist will refer to the best option, because there are some package prices that include different tests) - HIV 1/2 blood test is 13 bgn, cervical test for gonorrhea is 28 bgn and chlamydia test is 49 bgn. Location: 51B "Nikola I. Vaptsarov" blvd. (if you drive, the entrance is from "At. Dukov" str.), "Hladilnika" distr., 1407 "Lozenets." Call center:02/ 403 4000. Emergency: 02/ 403 4112.


===Support===
===Support===
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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===


* You can find the '''HPV vaccine''' in Bulgaria, and the country has had a nationwide HPV immunization program since 2012.<ref>[http://www.hpvcentre.net/statistics/reports/BGR.pdf Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases Report: BULGARIA]</ref>
* You can find medications to treat '''yeast infections''' in Bulgaria. They should be available over-the-counter at pharmacies.
* You can find medications to treat '''urinary tract infections (UTIs)''' in Bulgaria. They may be available over-the-counter at pharmacies, but we're still gathering more information on this topic.
* You can find the '''HPV vaccine''' in Bulgaria, and the country has had a nationwide HPV immunization program since 2012.<ref>[http://www.hpvcentre.net/statistics/reports/BGR.pdf Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases Report: BULGARIA]</ref> According to one clinic: "The HPV vaccine is usually being provided to children up to 18 y.o., but you can discuss its possibility individually during the consultation with one of our specialists."
* There appears to be no official vendors or distributors of '''Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)''' in Bulgaria, as of October 2018.<ref>[https://www.prepwatch.org/ PrEPWatch World Map]</ref>  
* There appears to be no official vendors or distributors of '''Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)''' in Bulgaria, as of October 2018.<ref>[https://www.prepwatch.org/ PrEPWatch World Map]</ref>  
* Regarding '''Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)''', it was previously reported that PEP was only available for occupational exposure (i.e. not for sexual exposure) in Bulgaria<ref>[http://www.nelp-hiv.org/uploads/pep-in-nelp.pdf PEP in NELP]</ref>, but we don't know if this is still the case.
* Regarding '''Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)''', it was previously reported that PEP was only available for occupational exposure (i.e. not for sexual exposure) in Bulgaria<ref>[http://www.nelp-hiv.org/uploads/pep-in-nelp.pdf PEP in NELP]</ref>, but we don't know if this is still the case.
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* You can find '''pads/pantyliners''' sold at a variety of stores in Bulgaria, from small stores to larger supermarket chains, such as Lilly’s and DM. There is also a local menstrual product company, called [https://palomita.com/en Palomita], which produces pads and pantyliners.
* You can find '''pads/pantyliners''' sold at a variety of stores in Bulgaria, from small stores to larger supermarket chains, such as Lilly’s and DM. There is also a local menstrual product company, called [https://palomita.com/en Palomita], which produces pads and pantyliners.
* You can find '''tampons''' sold at a variety of stores in Bulgaria, from small stores to larger supermarket chains, such as Lilly’s and DM. There is also a local menstrual product company, called [https://palomita.com/en Palomita], which produces tampons.
* You can find '''tampons''' sold at a variety of stores in Bulgaria, from small stores to larger supermarket chains, such as Lilly’s and DM. There is also a local menstrual product company, called [https://palomita.com/en Palomita], which produces tampons.
* You can find '''menstrual cups''' sold in a variety of stores in Sofia and other Bulgarian cities. For example, in Sofia, you may be able to find menstrual cups sold at Аптека Ремедиум (ul. "Ivan Denkoglu" 34), Аптека Ремедиум (ul. "Graf Ignatiev" 40), Аптека Ремедиум (ul. "Boris Hristov" 2), and Аптека Ремедиум (ul. "Geo Milev" 34).<ref>[http://menstrualcupmap.com/ Menstrual Cup Map]</ref> For a list of some other stores that may carry menstrual cups, you can check out the [http://www.meluna.bg/en/info/za-nas MeLuna listing page] for Bulgarian sellers.
* You can find '''menstrual cups''' sold in a variety of stores in Sofia and other Bulgarian cities. For example, in Sofia, you may be able to find menstrual cups sold at Аптека Ремедиум (ul. "Ivan Denkoglu" 34), Аптека Ремедиум (ul. "Graf Ignatiev" 40), Аптека Ремедиум (ul. "Boris Hristov" 2), and Аптека Ремедиум (ul. "Geo Milev" 34).<ref>[http://menstrualcupmap.com/ Menstrual Cup Map]</ref> For a list of some other stores that may carry menstrual cups, you can check out the [https://www.meluna.bg/menstrual-cup-meluna-bulgaria/ MeLuna listing page] for Bulgarian sellers. All pharmacies that sell menstrual cups in Bulgaria you can find  [https://meluna.bg/menstrualni-chashki-apteki/ MeLuna pharmacies]


===Costs===
===Costs===


==Gynecological Exams==
==Gynecological Exams==
[[File:Sofia-1st-city-hospital-patriarch-evtimii-blvd.jpg|400px | thumb|right|Hospital in Sofia, Bulgaria]]


===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===
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* [https://mcfemina.com/ Femina Medical Center]: This may be a solid choice for ob/gyn care in Sofia. They specialize in women's health care. However, we need more information on their services and prices. Адрес: 1202 София, България, ул.”Дунав” No 47“. Телефон за контакти: 02 / 983 30 20, 0889 03 05 95. Email адрес: info@mcfemina.com
* [https://mcfemina.com/ Femina Medical Center]: This may be a solid choice for ob/gyn care in Sofia. They specialize in women's health care. However, we need more information on their services and prices. Адрес: 1202 София, България, ул.”Дунав” No 47“. Телефон за контакти: 02 / 983 30 20, 0889 03 05 95. Email адрес: info@mcfemina.com
* [http://www.tokudabolnica.bg/en/gynecologic-oncology-and-advanced-pelvic-surgery Acibadem CityClinic - Tokuda Hospital]: This international hospital group offers high-quality care, though it may be quite expensive. "Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital is the biggest private hospital in Bulgaria. It was officially opened on 28th of November 2006 as part of a Japanese medical corporation, owned by the physician and entrepreneur Dr. Torao Tokuda. " This may be a good choice if you're able to afford the services or if you have a very specialized condition. Location: 51B "Nikola I. Vaptsarov" blvd. (if you drive, the entrance is from "At. Dukov" str.), "Hladilnika" distr., 1407 "Lozenets." Call center:02/ 403 4000Emergency:02/ 403 4112.
* [http://www.tokudabolnica.bg/en/gynecologic-oncology-and-advanced-pelvic-surgery Acibadem CityClinic - Tokuda Hospital]: This international hospital group offers high-quality care. The price of the standard gynecology exam, as of November 2018, is 75-95 BGN, microbiology is 38 BGN, pap test is 32 BGN. This clinic be a good choice if you're able to afford the services or if you have a very specialized condition."Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital is the biggest private hospital in Bulgaria. It was officially opened on 28th of November 2006 as part of a Japanese medical corporation, owned by the physician and entrepreneur Dr. Torao Tokuda. " Location: 51B "Nikola I. Vaptsarov" blvd. (if you drive, the entrance is from "At. Dukov" str.), "Hladilnika" distr., 1407 "Lozenets." Call center:02/ 403 4000. Emergency: 02/ 403 4112.
* [https://mbal-sofia.com/ St. St. Sofia Medical Center]: This modern medical center, opened in 1992, has three specialties: orthopedics and traumatology, obstetrics and gynecology, and internal medicine. Address: 104 Bulgaria Blvd., 1618 Sofia. Phone: + 359 2 8184600. Mobile: +359 2 8184608. Fax: +359 2 8184666
* [https://mbal-sofia.com/ St. Sofia Medical Center]: This modern medical center, opened in 1992, has three specialties: orthopedics and traumatology, obstetrics and gynecology, and internal medicine. Address: 104 Bulgaria Blvd., 1618 Sofia. Phone: + 359 2 8184600. Mobile: +359 2 8184608. Fax: +359 2 8184666
* [http://greenberg.bg/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%822 Dr. Greenberg Diagnostic & Consultative Center]: They offer a gynecology exam and pap smear for 60 Euros, as of November 2018. Address: 23-A, Kopenhagen st, Druzhba-2, 1582-Sofia, Bulgaria - Mladost-3, Dr. At. Moskov st, Block 325. 02/4170519, 0898776812, 02/9744933. e-mail: dccgreenberg@gmail.com, dccgreenberg@intech.bg


===Costs===
===Costs===
* The price for a gynecological exam will vary, depending on if one goes to a private or public clinic. For example, at Acibadem City Clinic is 75-95 BGN and the price of a pap test is 32 BGN, as of November 2018.


==Pregnancy==
==Pregnancy==
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Bulgaria is known to have some of the best maternity leave laws in the world. When a woman has a baby, she is entitled to 410 days of maternity leave, and 45 of those days must be taken before the actual birth. Furthermore, people on maternity leave are entitled to 90% of their pay, once they have covered the risk of the period with a 12-month contributory service.<ref>[https://www.ruskov-law.eu/bulgaria/article/maternity-leave.html MATERNITY LEAVE IN BULGARIA]</ref> However, paternity leave benefits are much less flexible and comprehensive. Fathers are entitled to 15 days of paternity leave after the birth of the baby.<ref>[https://www.angloinfo.com/how-to/bulgaria/bulgarian-black-sea/healthcare/pregnancy-birth/maternity-leave Maternity Leave, Allowance and Benefits]</ref> If the mother consents, the father can use any unused maternity leave credit once the child has reached six months old.<ref>[https://www.globalization-partners.com/globalpedia/bulgaria-employer-of-record/ Bulgaria – Employer of Record]</ref><ref>[http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=1103&langId=en&intPageId=5037 Bulgaria - Maternity and paternity]</ref>
Bulgaria is known to have some of the best maternity leave laws in the world. When a woman has a baby, she is entitled to 410 days of maternity leave, and 45 of those days must be taken before the actual birth. Furthermore, people on maternity leave are entitled to 90% of their pay, once they have covered the risk of the period with a 12-month contributory service.<ref>[https://www.ruskov-law.eu/bulgaria/article/maternity-leave.html MATERNITY LEAVE IN BULGARIA]</ref> However, paternity leave benefits are much less flexible and comprehensive. Fathers are entitled to 15 days of paternity leave after the birth of the baby.<ref>[https://www.angloinfo.com/how-to/bulgaria/bulgarian-black-sea/healthcare/pregnancy-birth/maternity-leave Maternity Leave, Allowance and Benefits]</ref> If the mother consents, the father can use any unused maternity leave credit once the child has reached six months old.<ref>[https://www.globalization-partners.com/globalpedia/bulgaria-employer-of-record/ Bulgaria – Employer of Record]</ref><ref>[http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=1103&langId=en&intPageId=5037 Bulgaria - Maternity and paternity]</ref>


Child birth is comparatively safe for women in Bulgaria. There are 11 deaths per 100,000 live births, making Bulgaria has the 146th lowest mortality rate in the world (out of 184 in the CIA World Factbook).<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html CIA World Factbook - Bulgaria]</ref>
Child birth is comparatively safe for women in Bulgaria. There are 11 deaths per 100,000 live births, making Bulgaria has the 146th lowest maternal mortality rate in the world (out of 184 in the CIA World Factbook).<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bu.html CIA World Factbook - Bulgaria]</ref>


===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===
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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===
* Emergency: Call 112
* Ambulance: Call 150
* Police: Call 166
* Fire Brigade: Call 160
* Bulgarian National Helpline for Children: Call 116 111
* National Hotline for Victims of Violence - Additional Info: operated by Foundation “Animus Association”: Number: national - 0800 186 76; international - 00359 800 186 76
* Tourism Complaint Line (Sofia): Call 02/ 940 3003
* [http://www.centrenadja.com/ Nadja Center Foundation]: This association helps women and children who have been victims of violence and abuse, including physical, sexual, and psychological abuse. Call +359 2 981 9300. E-mail: office@centrenadja.org


===Costs===
===Costs===
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====General Women's & Health Organizations====
====General Women's & Health Organizations====
* [http://www.mh.government.bg/en/ Ministry of Health]: Inquiries  02/981 01 11 Administrative services  02/9301 175  02/9301 176
* [http://www.safesex.bg/ Bulgarian Family Planning and Sexual Health Association]: "The Bulgarian Family Planning and Sexual Health Association (BFPA) focuses on advocacy, and on information and education activities for the whole community, but with a particular emphasis on young people. The organization runs comprehensive sexual and reproductive health care clinics in Sofia and other cities. The clinics function as training centres for health personnel and social workers. BFPA is working in close partnership with the government on a project designed to extend these facilities to other parts of the country." Call: +359 2 943 3052. Email: bfpa@safesex.bg
* [http://www.safesex.bg/ Bulgarian Family Planning and Sexual Health Association]: "The Bulgarian Family Planning and Sexual Health Association (BFPA) focuses on advocacy, and on information and education activities for the whole community, but with a particular emphasis on young people. The organization runs comprehensive sexual and reproductive health care clinics in Sofia and other cities. The clinics function as training centres for health personnel and social workers. BFPA is working in close partnership with the government on a project designed to extend these facilities to other parts of the country." Call: +359 2 943 3052. Email: bfpa@safesex.bg
* [http://crw-bg.org/ Council of Refugee Women in Bulgaria]: "The CRW is a non-profit organization with mission to assist newly recognized refugees in the process of their initial adaptation and integration." Call: +359 87 676 6588. Email: office@crw-bg.org.
* [http://crw-bg.org/ Council of Refugee Women in Bulgaria]: "The CRW is a non-profit organization with mission to assist newly recognized refugees in the process of their initial adaptation and integration." Call: +359 87 676 6588. Email: office@crw-bg.org.
* [https://bilitis.org/en/frontpage-2/ Billits]: "Bilitis works as an advocacy organization towards achieving elimination of all forms of discrimination and achieving equality for LGBTI people in Bulgaria."
* [https://bgfundforwomen.org/en/ Bulgarian Fund for Women]: "Bulgarian Fund for Women (BFW) is the only indigenous donor in Bulgaria that raises funds and gives grants to local NGOs working to advance women’s and girls’ rights, eliminate gender stereotypes, gender-based violence and discrimination, achieve gender equality in all spheres of life and make a social change." Address: 37B Parchevich Str., Sofia 1000. Phone: +359 2 986 47 10. Email: office@bgfundforwomen.org
* [https://bgfundforwomen.org/en/ Bulgarian Fund for Women]: "Bulgarian Fund for Women (BFW) is the only indigenous donor in Bulgaria that raises funds and gives grants to local NGOs working to advance women’s and girls’ rights, eliminate gender stereotypes, gender-based violence and discrimination, achieve gender equality in all spheres of life and make a social change." Address: 37B Parchevich Str., Sofia 1000. Phone: +359 2 986 47 10. Email: office@bgfundforwomen.org
* [http://www.bgrf.org/?lang=11 Bulgarian Gender Research Foundation]: "The organization works in the field of gender equality, prevention of domestic violence, reproductive rights and anti-discrimination by providing information, elaboration and production of researches, analyses and draft laws, conducting campaigns and lobbying for legislative changes, provision of training and consultations for professionals and working in wide networks in cooperation with other organizations, public institutions and experts." Address: 33 Vasil Levski Blv. 1142 Sofia, Bulgaria. E-mail: office@bgrf.org. Telephone: 02 963 53 57. Fax: 02 963 53 57. Mobile Phone Number: 0878 567 620
* [http://www.cwsp.bg/en/htmls/home.php Center of Women's Studies and Policies]: "CWSP continues and enhances the work on women's, gender and equal opportunities issues in Bulgaria and further develops new areas of expertise and activities. It implements its own or joint projects with similar domestic or international organizations." Address: Sofia 1000, 38 Tsar Asen street. Phone: ++359 2 981 04 73. E-mail: cwsp@cwsp.bg.
* [http://www.cwsp.bg/en/htmls/home.php Center of Women's Studies and Policies]: "CWSP continues and enhances the work on women's, gender and equal opportunities issues in Bulgaria and further develops new areas of expertise and activities. It implements its own or joint projects with similar domestic or international organizations." Address: Sofia 1000, 38 Tsar Asen street. Phone: ++359 2 981 04 73. E-mail: cwsp@cwsp.bg.
* [http://www.bawe-bg.com/en/index-en.php Bulgarian Association of Women Entrepreneurs]: This organization aims to stimulate women's entrepreneurship in Bulgaria.
* [http://www.bawe-bg.com/en/index-en.php Bulgarian Association of Women Entrepreneurs]: This organization aims to stimulate women's entrepreneurship in Bulgaria.


====LGBTQ Resources and Organizations]====
====LGBTQ Resources and Organizations====
* [https://www.equaldex.com/region/bulgaria Equaldex Bulgaria]: This website provides information on LGBTQ rights and laws in Bulgaria. As of 2018, homosexuality is legal in Bulgaria and it is legal to change gender (but a surgery is required to do so). There are laws against employment or housing discrimination based on sexual-orientation or gender. However, gay marriage is not legal in Bulgaria.
* [https://www.equaldex.com/region/bulgaria Equaldex Bulgaria]: This website provides information on LGBTQ rights and laws in Bulgaria. As of 2018, homosexuality is legal in Bulgaria and it is legal to change gender (but a surgery is required to do so). There are laws against employment or housing discrimination based on sexual-orientation or gender. However, gay marriage is not legal in Bulgaria.
* [https://bilitis.org/en/frontpage-2/ Billits]: "Bilitis works as an advocacy organization towards achieving elimination of all forms of discrimination and achieving equality for LGBTI people in Bulgaria."
* [http://glasfoundation.bg/projects/?noredirect=en_US GLAS Foundation]: "GLAS /Gays and Lesbians Accepted in Society/ is a non-governmental organization which aims to deliver positive change for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people in Bulgaria, ensuring full equality and protection from all forms of discrimination. "
* [http://glasfoundation.bg/projects/?noredirect=en_US GLAS Foundation]: "GLAS /Gays and Lesbians Accepted in Society/ is a non-governmental organization which aims to deliver positive change for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people in Bulgaria, ensuring full equality and protection from all forms of discrimination. "
* [http://deystvie.org/en/home-page-lgbt-deystvie/ LGBT Deystvie]: "Established in 2010, the youth LGBT “Deystvie” provides support and support to young homosexual, bisexual and transgender people, developing a self-confident LGBT community, and combating homophobia and illiteracy in society." Contact: Sofia, Luben Karavelov str.24 flor 1 apartment 4. Phone: +359-884 851. Email: info@deystvie.org
* [http://deystvie.org/en/home-page-lgbt-deystvie/ LGBT Deystvie]: "Established in 2010, the youth LGBT “Deystvie” provides support and support to young homosexual, bisexual and transgender people, developing a self-confident LGBT community, and combating homophobia and illiteracy in society." Contact: Sofia, Luben Karavelov str.24 flor 1 apartment 4. Phone: +359-884 851. Email: info@deystvie.org
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