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Brazil: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Flag of Brazil.svg.png|300px | thumb|right| | {| class="wikitable" style="width:200px; border:1px solid black;float:right" | ||
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|colspan="8" style="text-align:center"|[[File:Flag of Brazil.svg.png|300px | thumb|right|]] | |||
|- | |||
| '''Contraception: Over-the-Counter''' | |||
| condoms, pills | |||
|- | |||
| '''Contraception: Prescription/Clinic Required''' | |||
| IUD, shots, patches | |||
|- | |||
| '''Emergency Contraception''' | |||
| informally available upon request (no prescription) | |||
|- | |||
| '''STIs''' | |||
| testing available; no travel restrictions | |||
|- | |||
| '''Menstrual Products''' | |||
| pads, tampons, cups | |||
|- | |||
| '''Abortion Law''' | |||
| legal in restricted circumstances; not available upon request | |||
|- | |||
| '''LGBTQ Laws''' | |||
| homosexuality legal | |||
|- | |||
| '''Related Pages''' | |||
| [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[São Paulo]] | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
'''OVERVIEW''' | '''OVERVIEW''' | ||
In Brazil, contraceptives are legal and no prescription is required. You can buy emergency contraceptives at pharmacies and there are no age restrictions. Menstrual pads and tampons (mostly without applicators) can be found, and select local businesses carry menstrual cups. Nearly all major hospitals and clinics offer STD/STI test -- and, if you are a legal citizen or resident, you can get these tests done free of charge. You can access most medication in Brazil, and there have been some trials for PrEP. However, it is not clear if PrEP or PEP are universally available. | In Brazil, condoms and oral contraceptives (birth control pills) are legal and no prescription is required. Other contraceptive options are available at pharmacies or clinics. You can buy emergency contraceptives at pharmacies and there are no age restrictions. Menstrual pads and tampons (mostly without applicators) can be found, and select local businesses carry menstrual cups. Nearly all major hospitals and clinics offer STD/STI test -- and, if you are a legal citizen or resident, you can get these tests done free of charge. You can access most medication in Brazil, and there have been some trials for PrEP. However, it is not clear if PrEP or PEP are universally available. | ||
Regarding gynecologists, there are some well-renowned, international hospitals as well as cheaper, though more inefficient, public ones. Keep in mind that abortion is not legal in Brazil except for some extremely specific cases. So, it is advised to seek out abortions in other countries in the Americas, such as Mexico, the | Regarding gynecologists, there are some well-renowned, international hospitals as well as cheaper, though more inefficient, public ones. Keep in mind that abortion is not legal in Brazil except for some extremely specific cases. So, it is advised to seek out abortions in other countries in the Americas, such as Uruguay, Mexico, the USA, the or Cuba, if at all possible. If this is not an option, you may be able to access the abortion pill in Brazil (see "Abortion" section for details). Check out the [[Rio de Janeiro]] page for details on local city resources. | ||
==Contraception (Birth Control)== | ==Contraception (Birth Control)== | ||
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[[File:Yasmin brazil.jpg|300px | thumb|left|frame|'''Yasmin purchased in Brazil for 70 BRL''']] | [[File:Yasmin brazil.jpg|300px | thumb|left|frame|'''Yasmin purchased in Brazil for 70 BRL''']] | ||
Contraceptives are legal in Brazil. You can purchase condoms or birth control pills in pharmacies without a prescription. Other contraceptives, like shots or patches, may be found at local hospitals. Generally speaking, most Brazilians do not wear condoms and, in the 1990s, the most commonly practiced form of contraceptive was found to be female sterilization ("laqueadura tubária" in Portuguese), which remains very popular today<ref>[http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0193123.html Prevalence of Contraceptive Use in Selected Countries]</ref> In 2001, it was estimated that 1 in 2 Brazilian women have been sterilized, according to a government survey.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A32622-2004Jun10.html Infertile Ground Is Sown in Brazil ]</ref> | Contraceptives are legal and available in Brazil. You can purchase condoms or birth control pills in pharmacies without a prescription. Other contraceptives, like shots or patches, may be found at local hospitals. Generally speaking, most Brazilians do not wear condoms and, in the 1990s, the most commonly practiced form of contraceptive was found to be female sterilization ("laqueadura tubária" in Portuguese), which remains very popular today<ref>[http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0193123.html Prevalence of Contraceptive Use in Selected Countries]</ref> In 2001, it was estimated that 1 in 2 Brazilian women have been sterilized, according to a government survey.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A32622-2004Jun10.html Infertile Ground Is Sown in Brazil ]</ref> | ||
In 2015, it was found that 79% of Brazilian women (who were married/in unions and between ages 15-49) used any form of contraception, including traditional methods, and about 8% of Brazilian women had unmet family planning needs. The most common forms of contraception were female sterilization (about 29% of women), birth control pills (about 24% of women), and male condoms (about 12% of women)). The less commonly used methods were male sterilization (used in relationships by about 5% of women), contraceptive injectables (about 4% of women), and IUDs (about 2% of women). Traditional methods, such as withdrawal (about 3% of women) and the rhythm method (about 1% of women) were not very common. There were especially low usage levels of contraceptive implant (less than 1%).<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/trendsContraceptiveUse2015 Report.pdf Trends in Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015]</ref> | |||
The first birth control pill introduced to Brazil, ENOVID, came in 1962. Many of these early pills had very high hormonal dosages, leading to health issues, though the pills today are generally healthier and lower-dosage. <ref>[http://motherboard.vice.com/read/the-pill-in-brazil z | The first birth control pill introduced to Brazil, ENOVID, came in 1962. Many of these early pills had very high hormonal dosages, leading to health issues, though the pills today are generally healthier and lower-dosage. <ref>[http://motherboard.vice.com/read/the-pill-in-brazil z | ||
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==Medications & Vaccines== | ==Medications & Vaccines== | ||
[[File:Pharmacy londrina brazil.jpg|400px | thumb|right|'''Pharmacy in Londrina, Brazil''']] | |||
===Laws & Social Stigmas=== | ===Laws & Social Stigmas=== | ||
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Regarding HPV, Brazil has had a national vaccination program in place since 2014, which targets 9 year olds for immunization. If you would like to receive the HPV vaccine and you do not fall under the Brazilian national program, contact your local hospital for more info. | Regarding HPV, Brazil has had a national vaccination program in place since 2014, which targets 9 year olds for immunization. If you would like to receive the HPV vaccine and you do not fall under the Brazilian national program, contact your local hospital for more info. | ||
For HIV treatment, there is a network of over 300 treatment centers in Brazil. Check out this [www.aids.gov.br list]. | For HIV treatment, there is a network of over 300 treatment centers in Brazil. Check out this [http://www.aids.gov.br/pt-br list]. | ||
Regarding PrEP: "Brazil hosted three sites in the phase III iPrEx trial, and the open label extension of iPrEx. Brazil has an ongoing PrEP demonstration project in MSM and transgender women, PrEPBrasil. A second demonstration project is scheduled to start by mid-2015 and will enroll MSM, commercial sex workers and drug users. Gilead submitted an application for Truvada as PrEP to Brazil’s regulatory authority in 2014. There is no national PrEP policy or guidance at present. However, the ongoing demonstration project may be used to inform such policy."<ref>[http://www.prepwatch.org/brazil/ PrEPWatch: Brazil]</ref> | Regarding PrEP: "Brazil hosted three sites in the phase III iPrEx trial, and the open label extension of iPrEx. Brazil has an ongoing PrEP demonstration project in MSM and transgender women, PrEPBrasil. A second demonstration project is scheduled to start by mid-2015 and will enroll MSM, commercial sex workers and drug users. Gilead submitted an application for Truvada as PrEP to Brazil’s regulatory authority in 2014. There is no national PrEP policy or guidance at present. However, the ongoing demonstration project may be used to inform such policy."<ref>[http://www.prepwatch.org/brazil/ PrEPWatch: Brazil]</ref> | ||
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===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ||
In Brazil, Misoprostol (part of the abortion pill) is registered as Cytotec and Prostokos, but it is difficult to get. If you cannot access Misoprostol, you have the following options: 1) Contact Women on Web for [https://www.womenonweb.org/en/i-need-an-abortion an online consultation] to access Mifepristone and Misoprostol (the abortion pill) or 2) Travel to another country where you can safely and legally obtain an abortion. You may want to consider getting an abortion in [[Mexico City]], Guyana, Cuba or the [[United States of America]]. For more details about | * In Brazil, Misoprostol (part of the abortion pill) is registered as Cytotec and Prostokos, but it is difficult to get. It is also important to exercise extreme caution when trying to access clandestine abortion services, as they may not be safe or you may not be offered by trained professionals. | ||
* If you cannot access Misoprostol, you have the following options: 1) Contact Women on Web for [https://www.womenonweb.org/en/i-need-an-abortion an online consultation] to access Mifepristone and Misoprostol (the abortion pill) or 2) Travel to another country where you can safely and legally obtain an abortion. You may want to consider getting an abortion in [[Mexico City]], [[Uruguay]], [[Guyana]], [[Cuba]] or the [[United States of America]]. | |||
* For more details about an abortions in other countries, visit the [https://www.womenonwaves.org/en/page/4939/brazil--options-for-abortion-and-organizations-for-women Women on Waves Options Page for Brazil]. | |||
===Costs=== | ===Costs=== | ||
If you are pregnant and considering getting an abortion outside Brazil, you will need to consider the following costs: transportation to the country where you will be obtaining an abortion, hotel or accommodation costs in that country, cost of the abortion in the country and the total amount of days you may need to be in the country both before and after the abortion. | |||
==Advocacy & Counseling== | ==Advocacy & Counseling== | ||
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===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ||
* Human Rights Secretariat: Call 100 | |||
* Brazil Suicide Hotline: Call 212339191 | |||
* Anonymous crime reporting: Call 181 | |||
* Ministry of Health Hotline: Call 136 | |||
* Ambulance: Call 192 | |||
* Firefighters: Call 193 | |||
* Federal Police Department: Call 194 | |||
* Civil Police: Call 197 | |||
===Costs=== | ===Costs=== | ||
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==List of Additional Resources== | ==List of Additional Resources== | ||
* [http://portalms.saude.gov.br/ Ministry of Health] | |||
* [https://www.facebook.com/bemfam The Brazilian Society for Family Welfare (BEMFAM)]: Founded in 1965. This nonprofit focuses on sexual and reproductive health care and human rights. Email: info@bemfam.org.br | |||
* [https://www.dktinternational.org/country-programs/brazil/ DKT International - Brazil]: "DKT Brazil, founded in 1991, is the largest social marketing operation in Latin America and is now building on that success in several neighboring countries in South America... DKT’s condom brand Prudence is the best-selling condom in the country... In addition to condoms, DKT Brazil sells IUDs and MVA kits to hospitals, clinics, and healthcare providers. There are five IUD variants, to broaden the access and meet different users’ needs." | |||
* [http://www.equaldex.com/region/brazil Equaldex Brazil]: This website provides information related to LGBTQ rights and laws in Brazil. Note that homosexuality is legal and gay marriage is legal in Brazil. It is also legal to change gender. Gay parents can adopt. There are laws against employment discrimination related to sexual identity or gender identity. | |||
* [http://redesaude.org.br/comunica/ Rede Feminista de Saúde (Feminist Network for Health, Sexual Rights, and Reproductive Rights)]: This organization was formed in 1991. Politically organizes around issues related to sexual and reproductive health care and rights. | * [http://redesaude.org.br/comunica/ Rede Feminista de Saúde (Feminist Network for Health, Sexual Rights, and Reproductive Rights)]: This organization was formed in 1991. Politically organizes around issues related to sexual and reproductive health care and rights. | ||
* [https://cepia.org.br/en/ Cepia]: This women's rights organization was founded in 1990. Phone: +55 21 2558-6115. Email: cepia@cepia.org.br | * [https://cepia.org.br/en/ Cepia]: This women's rights organization was founded in 1990. Phone: +55 21 2558-6115. Email: cepia@cepia.org.br | ||
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|title=Gynopedia | |title=Gynopedia | ||
|titlemode=append | |titlemode=append | ||
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|description=Find sexual, reproductive and women's health care in Brazil. | |description=Find sexual, reproductive and women's health care in Brazil. | ||
}} | }} | ||