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United States of America: Difference between revisions
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→Contraception (Birth Control)
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'''General Note:''' There are many types of contraceptives, also known as "birth control," including IUDs, oral contraceptives, patches, shots, and condoms, etc. If you would like to view a full list, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control here]. It is recommended that you consult with a health practitioner to determine the best contraceptive choice for you. If you want to find which hormonal contraceptives are available by brand, manufacturer or country, click [http://contraceptive.ippf.org/search here]. | '''General Note:''' There are many types of contraceptives, also known as "birth control," including IUDs, oral contraceptives, patches, shots, and condoms, etc. If you would like to view a full list, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control here]. It is recommended that you consult with a health practitioner to determine the best contraceptive choice for you. If you want to find which hormonal contraceptives are available by brand, manufacturer or country, click [http://contraceptive.ippf.org/search here]. | ||
===Laws & Social Stigmas=== | ===Laws & Social Stigmas=== | ||
Contraceptives (hormonal and non-hormonal) are available in the United States of America, but many forms require a prescription. Generally, condoms, spermicide, and the birth control sponge are available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies without a prescription. However, for contraceptive pills, injectables, implants, or IUDs a prescription is usually required. Pills can usually be attained in a drug store or pharmacy after receiving a prescription. IUDs, injectables, or implants usually require that the person comes into a clinic or medical facility to receive the contraception. | Contraceptives (hormonal and non-hormonal) are available in the United States of America, but many forms require a prescription. Generally, condoms, spermicide, contraceptive gels, and the birth control sponge are available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies without a prescription. However, for contraceptive pills, rings, patches, injectables, implants, or IUDs a prescription is usually required. Pills can usually be attained in a drug store or pharmacy after receiving a prescription. IUDs, injectables, or implants usually require that the person comes into a clinic or medical facility to receive the contraception. | ||
===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ||
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* '''Condoms''' (external and internal) are available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies (i.e., no prescription is required). External condoms are about 85% effective at preventing pregnancy, if used correctly.<ref name=":0">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/condom</ref> Internal condoms (also called "female condoms") are about 79% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/internal-condom</ref> | * '''Condoms''' (external and internal) are available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies (i.e., no prescription is required). External condoms are about 85% effective at preventing pregnancy, if used correctly.<ref name=":0">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/condom</ref> Internal condoms (also called "female condoms") are about 79% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/internal-condom</ref> | ||
* '''Spermicide''' or '''contraceptive gel''' are available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies (i.e., no prescription is required). Depending on the brand, they are about 72% effective at preventing pregnancy. They need to be used with diaphragms | * '''Spermicide''' or '''contraceptive gel''' are available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies (i.e., no prescription is required). Depending on the brand, they are about 72% effective at preventing pregnancy. They need to be used with diaphragms or cervical caps in order to work effectively.<ref name=":5">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/spermicide</ref> Note that both diaphragms<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/diaphragm</ref> and cervical caps<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/cervical-cap</ref> require a prescription. There is also a contraceptive gel called Phexxi that is about 86% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":5" /><ref>https://www.goodrx.com/phexxi/how-effective-is-phexxi</ref> | ||
* The '''birth control sponge''' is available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies (i.e., no prescription is required). It is about 76-88% effective at prevent pregnancy, if it is used properly. It needs to be inserted before sex. It can be used by itself or with a condom.<ref name=":1">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-sponge</ref> The main brand for brith control sponge that is sold in the United States is [http://www.todaysponge.com/ Today Sponge].<ref name=":1" /> | * The '''birth control sponge''' is available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies (i.e., no prescription is required). It is about 76-88% effective at prevent pregnancy, if it is used properly. It needs to be inserted before sex. It can be used by itself or with a condom.<ref name=":1">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-sponge</ref> The main brand for brith control sponge that is sold in the United States is [http://www.todaysponge.com/ Today Sponge].<ref name=":1" /> | ||
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* '''Birth control rings''' (also known as the "vaginal ring') are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them.<ref name=":3">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-vaginal-ring-nuvaring</ref> This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. The two main brands available in the US are NuvaRing (which lasts for 5 weeks) and Annovera (which lasts for 1 year, or about 13 cycles).<ref name=":3" /> Birth control rings are 91% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":3" /> | * '''Birth control rings''' (also known as the "vaginal ring') are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them.<ref name=":3">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-vaginal-ring-nuvaring</ref> This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. The two main brands available in the US are NuvaRing (which lasts for 5 weeks) and Annovera (which lasts for 1 year, or about 13 cycles).<ref name=":3" /> Birth control rings are 91% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":3" /> | ||
* '''Birth control patches''' (also known as the "transdermal contraceptive patch') are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-patch</ref> This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. The two main brands available in the US are Xulane patch and the Twirla patch. People typically wear the patch on their belly, butt, or back. Birth control patches are about 91% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-patch/how-do-i-get-birth-control-patch#:~:text=One%20pack%20of%20patches%20can,a%20prescription%20for%20the%20patch.</ref> | * '''Birth control patches''' (also known as the "transdermal contraceptive patch') are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-patch</ref> This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. The two main brands available in the US are Xulane patch and the Twirla patch. People typically wear the patch on their belly, butt, or back. Birth control patches are about 91% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-patch/how-do-i-get-birth-control-patch#:~:text=One%20pack%20of%20patches%20can,a%20prescription%20for%20the%20patch.</ref> | ||
* '''Birth control injectables/shots''' (also known as Depo-Provera, the Depo shot, or DMPA) are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them.<ref name=":8">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-shot</ref> This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. You will also need to have the insertion performed by a medical professional, such as a doctor or nurse. You have to remember to get a new shot every 12-13 weeks. Birth control shots are 91% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":8" /> | |||
* '''Birth control implants''' (also known as Nexplanon) are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them. This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. You will also need to have the insertion performed by a medical professional, such as a doctor or nurse.<ref name=":9">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-implant-nexplanon</ref> It lasts for 5 years, and it's 99% effective in preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":9" /> | |||
* '''IUDS (intra-uterine devices)''' are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them.<ref name=":32">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-vaginal-ring-nuvaring</ref> This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. You will also need to have the insertion performed by a medical professional. Both hormonal and non-hormonal brands are available in the US. The hormonal brands available are Mirena, Kyleena, Liletta, and Skyla.<ref name=":6">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/iud</ref> The non-hormonal (copper) brand available is Paragard. Depending on the brand, IUDs work for about 3-12 years. IUDs are 99% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":6" /> | * '''IUDS (intra-uterine devices)''' are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them.<ref name=":32">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-vaginal-ring-nuvaring</ref> This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. You will also need to have the insertion performed by a medical professional. Both hormonal and non-hormonal brands are available in the US. The hormonal brands available are Mirena, Kyleena, Liletta, and Skyla.<ref name=":6">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/iud</ref> The non-hormonal (copper) brand available is Paragard. Depending on the brand, IUDs work for about 3-12 years. IUDs are 99% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":6" /> | ||
* '''Diaphragms''' are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them. This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. To work best, they must be used with spermicide. Diaphragms are 88% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":10">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/diaphragm</ref> | |||
* '''Cervical caps''' are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them. This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. To work best, they must be used with spermicide. Cervical caps are 71-86% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":11">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/cervical-cap</ref> | |||
===Costs=== | ===Costs=== | ||
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* '''Birth control rings''' vary in cost, depending on the brand and your insurance coverage (if any). For Nuvaring, the cost is about $200 per 1-month ring (without insurance coverage).<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">https://modernfertility.com/blog/vaginal-ring-side-effects-effectiveness-and-cost/</ref> For Annovera, the cost is about $2,098 per 1-year ring (without insurance coverage).<ref name=":4" /> If you have insurance, the prices can be considerably cheaper. You can also get birth control rings for free at some places.<ref name=":3" /> | * '''Birth control rings''' vary in cost, depending on the brand and your insurance coverage (if any). For Nuvaring, the cost is about $200 per 1-month ring (without insurance coverage).<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">https://modernfertility.com/blog/vaginal-ring-side-effects-effectiveness-and-cost/</ref> For Annovera, the cost is about $2,098 per 1-year ring (without insurance coverage).<ref name=":4" /> If you have insurance, the prices can be considerably cheaper. You can also get birth control rings for free at some places.<ref name=":3" /> | ||
* '''Birth control patches''' vary in cost, depending on the brand and your insurance coverage (if any). If you don't have insurance coverage, you can expect to pay around $55 per month,<ref>https://www.bedsider.org/questions/2112-how-much-does-the-patch-cost</ref> but costs can be higher. Generally, a 3-pack of the patch (which usually lasts for 1 month) ranges in price from $0-150. If you have health insurance or quality for a government health program, the patch is often free.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-patch/how-do-i-get-birth-control-patch#:~:text=One%20pack%20of%20patches%20can,a%20prescription%20for%20the%20patch.</ref> | * '''Birth control patches''' vary in cost, depending on the brand and your insurance coverage (if any). If you don't have insurance coverage, you can expect to pay around $55 per month,<ref>https://www.bedsider.org/questions/2112-how-much-does-the-patch-cost</ref> but costs can be higher. Generally, a 3-pack of the patch (which usually lasts for 1 month) ranges in price from $0-150. If you have health insurance or quality for a government health program, the patch is often free.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-patch/how-do-i-get-birth-control-patch#:~:text=One%20pack%20of%20patches%20can,a%20prescription%20for%20the%20patch.</ref> | ||
* '''Birth control injectables''' can cost up to $150 per injection (which lasts for 12-13 weeks), if you do not have health insurance. They can also be free or low-cost if you do have insurance.<ref name=":8" /> | |||
* '''Birth control implants''' can cost up to $1300 (which last for 5 years), if you do not have health insurance. They can also be free or low-cost if you do have insurance.<ref name=":9" /> | |||
* '''IUDS (intra-uterine devices)''' vary in cost, depending on the brand and your insurance coverage (if any). If you don't have insurance, you can expect to pay $500-$1300 for an IUD.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7">https://www.healthline.com/health/birth-control/iud-cost#where-to-buy</ref> If you do have health insurance, the IUD should be low cost or free.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> | * '''IUDS (intra-uterine devices)''' vary in cost, depending on the brand and your insurance coverage (if any). If you don't have insurance, you can expect to pay $500-$1300 for an IUD.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7">https://www.healthline.com/health/birth-control/iud-cost#where-to-buy</ref> If you do have health insurance, the IUD should be low cost or free.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /> | ||
* '''Diaphragms''' can cost up to $75 (if you do have insurance). They can be low cost or free if you do have insurance.<ref name=":10" /> | |||
* '''Cervical caps''' can cost up to $90 (if you do have insurance). They can be low cost or free if you do have insurance.<ref name=":11" /> | |||
==Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)== | ==Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)== | ||