Zimbabwe

OVERVIEW

In Zimbabwe, you will find a complex picture regarding sexual and reproductive health care. On the one hand, Zimbabwe has one of the highest rates of contraceptive usage in all of Africa. There are numerous HIV testing sites across the country, and many NGOs are actively working on issues related to HIV/AIDS prevention, condom access and women's health care. On the other hand, Zimbabwe is still recovering from a massive economic crisis that hit the country in the early 2000s. Most recently, the country has now found itself managing major political changes with the 2017 coup. In total, this has left the country in a difficult position, where it finds itself stretched thin and unable to fully manage the many different facets of sexual and reproductive health care in the country. While the government has partnered with NGOs to help deal with HIV/AIDS and cholera, it has not invested as much money and energy into developing resources for maternal health. There are also not enough physicians and gynecologists in the country. As of 2017, Zimbabwe is a country that is in a state of deep transition.

Contraception (Birth Control)

General Note: There are many types of contraceptives, also known as "birth control," including IUDs, oral contraceptives, patches, shots, and condoms, etc. If you would like to view a full list, click here.

Laws & Social Stigmas

In Zimbabwe, you need a prescription to purchase birth control pills and most other forms of contraception at pharmacies. If you're a minor, you should be able to purchase birth control at pharmacies, provided that you have a prescription.

Contraception is widely used in Zimbabwe and, in fact, Zimbabwean women have higher rates of contraceptive usage than nearly all other African countries, with the exception of Morocco and the island nations of Mauritius and Réunion. In Eastern Africa, Zimbabwe has the highest rate of contraceptive usage overall. However, it should be understood that not all Zimbabwean women have adequate access to contraceptives, and 11.4% of Zimbabwean women still have unmet family planning needs.

For Zimbabwean women, the vast majority who use contraceptives tend to use birth control pills. According to a 2015 report, the most common forms of contraception for Zimbabwean women (who are married and of reproductive age) are birth control pills (42.8%), contraceptive injectables (8.8%) and contraceptive implants (8.2%). There are generally low rates of usage of condoms (3.2%), female sterilization (0.9%), IUDs (0.4%) and vaginal barrier methods (0.2%). The traditional family planning methods, such as withdrawal (0.6%) and rhythm method (0.2%), are extremely uncommon.

There are some articles online that claim that Zimbabweans have some of the highest condom usage rates in the world. Generally speaking, this is not true. However, for some groups in Zimbabwe, condom usage is rather high. This is because non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Zimbabwe have successfully distributed condoms to many people who are considered "high-risk" for HIV transmission, and in this population, it was found that 44.3% had used condoms in their most recent sexual encounter. Thus, we can generally state that, while condoms are not a popular contraceptive choice for married women in Zimbabwe, they are commonly used by many other people in the country.

What to Get & Where to Get It

• In Zimbabwe, condoms are sold by local shops and street vendors, government initiatives and social networking programs (such as Marie Stopes International, Population Services International and DKT International). They are also sold in front of clubs and beer halls in cities, such as Harare. The vendors who sell condoms at night report that many people feel more comfortable buying condoms from them than from the local shops, which can feel more public and exposed. Some night club bathrooms also have free condoms, which come in blue colors. Finally, while it's a more expensive option, condoms can also be purchased online and delivered to a Zimbabwe address. For example, you can buy Durex condoms from the Care to Beauty website.
• In Zimbabwe, you can find birth control pills at pharmacies, clinics and social networking programs (such as Marie Stopes International, Population Services International and DKT International). You need a prescription to access birth control pills. Some of the birth control brands you may find in Zimbabwe are brands called Safe or Control, which are distributed by local NGOs and sold at pharmacies and health centers. You may also find Microgynon (which is not sold in most pharmacies, but is certainly sold in some, such as Booties Pharmacy), Ovidon, Ovral, Lo-Femenal, Nordette and Rigevidon. One Harare pharmacy reported carrying pills called 'Control' and 'Secure,' which sold for about $1 per packs of two.

Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)

Important Notes: Emergency contraception may prevent pregnancy for three days (72 hours) and sometimes five days (120 hours) after unprotected sex. Take EC as soon as possible after unprotected sex. If you don't have access to dedicated EC, oral contraceptives can be used as replacement EC, but remember the following: 1) Only some contraceptives work as EC 2) Different contraceptives require different dosages and time schedules to work as EC 3) You must only use the first 21 pills in 28-day packs and 4) They may be less effective than dedicated EC. For general information on emergency contraceptives, click here and here.

Laws & Social Stigmas

In Zimbabwe, emergency contraceptive pills (also known as the morning after pill) are available at pharmacies, clinics and social marketing programs. However, they do require a prescription. We are not sure if this prescription is actually enforced by most pharmacists (we're still investigating). At both public and private clinics, nurses are the lowest cadre of health workers who are allowed to sell or dispense ECPs.

While some women in Zimbabwe understand how to use ECPs, many do not. According to a 2010 report, it was found that 19.6% of Zimbabwean women had knowledge of ECPs.

What to Get & Where to Get It

• In Zimbabwe, you can access dedicated emergency contraception pills (also known as the morning after pill) with a prescription. You can find them in pharmacies, public sector clinics, private clinics and social marketing programs (such as Population Services International, Marie Stopes International, DKT International, etc). Some brands you can expect to see are Postinor-2, which is produced by a Hungarian company and distributed internationally, or Pregnon, which is produced by an Indian company and distributed internationally. For these brands, you can take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy. You may also find Revoke 1.5 and Revoke 72, which are ECPs produced by an Indian pharmaceutical company and generally distributed to various African countries.
• If you cannot access dedicated emergency contraceptive pills in Zimbabwe, you have other options. You can use regular birth control pills as replacement ECPs. To do this with progestin-only pills, you can take Ovrette (take 40 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex) or Microval (take 50 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex). To do this with combined progestin-estrogen pills, you must remember that, in 28-day packs, only the first 21 pills can be used. You can take Ovidon (take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 2 more pills 12 hours later) or Ovral (take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 2 more pills 12 hours later). Alternatively, you can also take Lo-Femenal (take 4 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 4 more pills 12 hours later), Nordette (take 4 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 4 more pills 12 hours later) or Rigevidon (take 4 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 4 more pills 12 hours later).
• If you cannot access dedicated emergency contraception pills, you can also get an IUD, which can act as emergency contraception. Please refer to the "Contraception (Birth Control)" section for more information on IUD access in Zimbabwe.

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs/STDs)

Important Notes - Learn about PEP and PrEP: If you think that you've been recently exposed to HIV (i.e. within 72 hours), seek out PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis). It's a month-long treatment to prevent HIV infection after exposure, and it may be available in your city. Take PEP as soon as possible. For more information, click here. If you are at risk of HIV exposure, seek out PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis). It's a daily oral pill that can prevent HIV infection before exposure. To learn more about PrEP, click here.

Laws & Social Stigmas

There are no travel or residency restrictions related to Zimbabwe. This means that, if you're a foreigner and you travel to Zimbabwe, you will not be asked for a medical certificate or proof of your HIV status. Furthermore, if you are a foreigner and decide to become a legal resident of Zimbabwe, you will not be asked for information related to your HIV status.

Generally speaking, Zimbabwe is considered to have a "high prevalence" of HIV. In 2016, it was estimated that 13.5% of the population was living with HIV/AIDS and that 74% of infected adults were on antiretroviral treatment. The most common form of transmission was unprotected heterosexual sex. However, certain populations experienced higher rates of infections, including sex workers (57.1% infection rate), men who have sex with men (also known as "MSM") and prisoners (28% infection rate). When sex workers or MSM have sought out treatment or care for HIV in Zimbabwe, especially when they have developed efforts specifically to serve their communities, they have often encountered barriers, including intimidation, arrests and condom confiscation from police. Sex work and homosexuality are illegal in Zimbabwe, and police often respond with intimidation and arrests.

For women in Zimbabwe, STI prevention can be difficult, who often encounter gender inequality in marriages in relationships. For example, only 68% of Zimbabwean men believe that women have the right to refuse intercourse if they know the man is having sex with other women. Furthermore, only 8 out of 10 Zimbabwean women believe that they have the right to ask their partner to use a condom if the partner has a sexually-transmitted disease.

In Zimbabwe, HIV transmission rates have been dropping -- for example, 79,000 people contracted HIV in 2010 compared to 40,000 in 2016. Furthermore, the number of people who have died due to AIDS-related illness has also declined in recent years. However, HIV/AIDS remains a serious issue for the country. Currently, the majority of HIV expenditures in the country (an estimated 75%) comes from international donors.

Testing Facilities

Self-Test Kits

• Pharmacies in Zimbabwe sell kits that allow you to test yourself for HIV, and they run at about $5 per kit. Anyone who is over sixteen years old can buy these kits in pharmacies (though we're not sure if the age restriction is typically enforced in pharmacies). This is a great option for people who want the privacy of testing themselves in their own home or areas where they feel safe. The kits allow you to test your blood or saliva, and you should receive results in 20 to 40 minutes. To learn more about the self-testing kits in Zimbabwean pharmacies, click here and here.
• The Zimbabwean government is also supposed to be distributing free self-test kits to people. This work is in coordination with UNITAID, a global health initiative based out of Switzerland, and other African countries, such as Malawi, South Africa and Zimbabwe, are also taking part in the initiative. To learn more about the free self-test kits, click here.

Mobile Testing Facilities

• The Ministry of Health has set up mobile testing facilities. They visit schools and testing centers in clinics. However, there has been past criticism of these mobile testing facilities not being youth friendly in the past.

Public Councils & NGOs

It is estimated that about over 1600 facilities provide free integrated HIV testing and counseling in Zimbabwe. Below, we have listed some NGOs, clinics and centers that provide free or low-cost testing. However, this is just a small glimpse into the options available, which are wide-ranging and extensive.

• Zimbabwe National Family Planning Council (ZNFPC): "We are the leading organisation in coordinating the provision of integrated Family Planning, Sexual Reproductive Health, HIV and AIDS services in Zimbabwe." They provide testing for HIV available at 3 clinics: Spilhaus in Harare, Mpilo Family Planning Clinic in Bulawayo and Magunje Youth Centre in Mashonaland West province. They also provide counseling, referral for testing (when no facilities are available), condom provisions, resupply of prophylaxis contrimoxazole and treatment of opportunistic infections, information on HIV and AIDS and male circumcision. Address: Headquarters and Spilhaus Centre - Harare Hospital Grounds, P.O. Box 220 Southerton, Harare, Zimbabwe. Tel: +263-4-662798 / 661584. Fax: +263-4-620280. Email: ed@znfpc.org.zw
• PSI Zimbabwe: This nonprofit global health organization provides HIV tests and work on HIV/AIDS prevention. Their focus is HIV care and treatment for key populations as well as the general community. Address: PSI/Zimbabwe Block E, Emerald Office Park, 30 The Chase West, Emerald Hill, Harare, Zimbabwe. Phone: + 263-4-334-631. Fax: + 263-4-339-632. Email: info@psi.org.zw-zim.co.zw
• Newlands Clinic: "Newlands Clinic is funded and run by the Swiss charitable organisation Ruedi Lüthy Foundation. Its goal is to combat HIV/Aids over the long term, and it seeks to achieve this by caring for HIV patients, training healthcare professionals and engaging in research." Address: Newlands Clinic, Enterprise Road 56, Newlands, Harare, Zimbabwe. Phone +263 (0)4 776433. Email: info@newlandsclinic.org.zw
• National AIDS Council: "National AIDS Council (NAC) is an organization enacted through the Act of Parliament of 1999 to coordinate and facilitate the national multi-sectoral response to HIV and AIDS." We're not sure if they provide tests or not - you can call them to confirm. Address: 100 Central Avenue, Harare. Phone: +263 4 791170 -2. Email: secretariat@nac.org.zw

Support

• National AIDS Control Programme: Address: P.O. Box 041122, Harare. Phone: 2634 – 792981
• AIDS Counselling Trust: P.O. Box 7225, Harare, Phone: 2634 – 792 340

Medications & Vaccines

What to Get & Where to Get It

• Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is available in Zimbabwe, and there are an estimated 1,500 - 2,000 users. One of the distributors is Population Services Zimbabwe. To learn more information about PrEP access in Zimbabwe, click here and here.
• Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) is available by prescription in Zimbabwe,, so one should visit a clinic or physician if that person is interested in obtaining PEP. To learn more information about PEP options in Zimbabwe, you can contact National AIDS Council or Population Services Zimbabwe.

Menstruation

Note: In addition to pads and tampons, you can also use menstrual cups and menstrual underwear for your period. To learn more about menstrual cups, click here. To learn more about menstrual underwear, click here.

Laws & Social Stigmas

Pads, tampons and menstrual cups are available in Zimbabwe. However, there are social stigmas against tampons, which are incorrectly believed to break the hymen or damage the "purity" or virginity of young women. For this reason, tampon use is opposed to by many mothers of young girls and unmarried women.

What to Get & Where to Get It

• You can find pads/pantyliners in Zimbabwean cities, such as Harare.
• You can find tampons, especially tampons without applicators, in Zimbabwean cities, such as Harare. The tampons sold in general stores are not very affordable for many Zimbabwean women, as they typically run at about $4.10 per pack. However, some clinics and NGOs may provide menstrual products for free or a reduced price to locals in need of more affordable options.
• If you want a menstrual cup, there are some local sellers and producers in Zimbabwe. For example, the Butterfly Cup is a menstrual cup company, based out of Harare. They can be reached by phone (Call +263 77 329 2606), email (hello@thebutterflycup.co.zw) or Facebook.

Gynecological Exams

What to Get & Where to Get It

For local recommendations of gynecologists, please visit the city pages, such as the Harare page.

Pregnancy

Laws & Social Stigmas

In Zimbabwe, employees are legally entitled to 98 days of paid maternity leave after a year of employment. However, many women may work for businesses that do not comply with the laws, or they may run their own small businesses and have difficulty taking this time off work.

Abortion

Important Note: There are two main types of abortions: medical (also known as the "abortion pill") and surgical (also known as "in-clinic"). For medical abortions, you take a pill to induce abortion. For surgical abortions, a procedure is performed to induce abortion. For general information about medical and surgical abortions, click here.

Laws & Social Stigmas

In Zimbabwe, abortion is only permitted in certain cases, which are the following: if the pregnancy endangers the life or physical health of the woman, if the pregnancy is the result of rape or incest, or if the fetus has a serious risk of impairment. In all other cases, abortion is illegal. In order for an abortion to be legal, it must be performed in specific institutions that are designated for abortions. Furthermore, the superintendent of the institution must approve of the abortion.

What to Get & Where to Get It

• While abortion is only legal for very special cases in Zimbabwe, it's been reported that Misoprostol (one part of the abortion pill) is available in pharmacies under the name Cytotec "and another brand for Post Partum heamoorage.".
• If you would like to seek out abortion in another country, you can go to South Africa, where it is fully legal for all people, regardless of reason, during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.

Advocacy & Counseling

What to Get & Where to Get It

• Emergency Phone: 999
• Ambulance Phone: 994
• Police Phone: 995
• Fire Department Phone: 993

Police Contacts

• Harare Police Emergency|(+ 263 4) 995**
• Police Central|(+263 4) 748836/77651**
• Police Avondale|(+263 4) 336632**
• Police Borrowdale|(+263 4) 860067/61**
• Police Highlands|(+263 4) 495304/495504**
• Police Mabelreign|(+263 4) 336000**
• Police Milton Park|(+263 4) 799298/708113**

Children in Need of Help

• Childline 23 hours toll free helpline to children and families|(+263 4) 796741/793715**
• Emergencies only|(+263 772) 221921**

24-Hour Emergency Rooms

• Belvedere Medical Centre, 740196/236, 189 Samora Machel Avenue , Harare
• Emergency Medical Centre, Corporate 24, (04) 700401 , 6 Bath Road Belgravia, Harare
• RMC - Rockfoundation Medical Centre, (04) 338879 | Mobile: 0774812484, 92 Norfolk Road, Mount Pleasant, Harare
• Traffic Police, 0772 859 253 or 0772763066, Harare
• Trauma Centre & Hospital, (04) 700667, 778470084, 15 Lanark Road, Belgravia, Harare

For more information on emergency phone numbers and contacts, click here.

List of Additional Resources

• To learn about LGBT laws and rights in Zimbabwe, click here.
• PSI Zimbabwe: "Since 1996, PSI/Zimbabwe has collaborated with the Ministry of Health and Child Care (MoHCC) to develop, market and scale health innovations which empower families to lead healthier lives." Program Office - PSI/Zimbabwe, Block E, Emerald Office Park, 30 The Chase West, Emerald Hill, Harare, Zimbabwe. Phone: + 263-4-334-631. Fax: + 263-4-339-632. Email: info@psi.org.zw-zim.co.zw
• Association Of Women's Clubs (AWC) Of Zimbabwe: This group is partnered with Oxfam and primarily works in rural parts of the country. Address: Sekai Holland, 11 Kent Avenue, Avondale, Harare. Tel: (263-4) 304471/2. E-mail: sekaiholland@mango.zw
• Department Of Women's Affairs: Ministry of National Affairs, Employment Creation and Co-operatives, Physical: ZANU(PF) Headquarters off Rotten Row/Samora Machel Ave, Harare, Postal: Private Bag 7762, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel 263-4-753284/753289/774172, Fax (263-4) 774194.
• Federation Of African Media Women (FAMWZ): 1st Floor Katenga House, 19 Selous Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel (263-4) 738893/4
• Feminist Studies Centre: 7 Lezard Avenue, Milton Park, Harare, Zimbabwe. Tel and Fax: (263-4) 795503;
• Gays And Lesbians Of Zimbabwe: This organization was formed in 1989 to help the gay and lesbian community. Address: 35 Colenbrander Road, Milton Park, Harare, Zimbabwe. E-mail: GALZ@samara.co.zwhereby integrating these rights with the other basic human rights for which civil society is currently battling.
• Girl Guides Association Of Zimbabwe. Physical: 151 Harare St, Harare. Postal: P O Box 312, Harare, Zimbabwe. Tel: (263-4) 724722
• Girls Brigade In Zimbabwe: City Presbyterian Church, 60 Samora Machel Ave, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel (263-4) 792277
• Indigenous Business Women Organisation: Physical: 73B Central Ave, Harare, Zimbabwe, Postal: P.O. Box 3710, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel: 263-4-702076/7, Fax: 263-4-702079
• Institute Of Development Studies - University of Zimbabwe: Physical: University of Zimbabwe Campus, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Postal: P O Box 880, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel (263-4) 333341/2/3, Fax (263-4) 333345
• Jekesa Pfungwa/Vulingqondo: 44 Logan Road, Hatfield, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel (263-4) 570846
• La Leche League Zimbabwe: P O Box BE 189, Belvedere, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel (263-4) 228867/494860/776649, e-mail: tna@harare.iafrica.com
• Musasa Project: Physical: 64 Selous Ave, Harare, Postal: P.O. Box A712, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel (263-4) 734381
• National Association Of Non-Governmental Organisations (NANGO): Physical: 1st Floor Mass Media House, corner of 3rd St/Selous Ave, Harare, Postal: P O Box CY 250, Causeway,, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-4) 708761 or 732612, Fax: (263-4) 794973
• National Council For Negro Women (Southern African Regional Office): Physical: 87 Livingstone Ave cnr 8th St, Harare, Postal: P O Box 850, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-4) 702480/1, Fax: (263-4) 704546, e-mail: ncnwsaro@africaonline.co.zw
• National Council Of Disabled Persons Of Zimbabwe - Bulawayo Branch: Freedom House along Old Falls Road, Bulawayo, Postal: P.O. Box 1952, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, Tel: 263-9-74426/34, Fax: 263-9-74398
• National Council Of Disabled Persons Of Zimbabwe Harare Branch: 20 Samora Machel Ave, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel 263-4-707942
• National Federation Of Business And Professional Women Of Zimbabwe, No. 1 Mimosa Street, Mutare, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-20) 62429 or 64224
• Self-Help Development Foundation Of Zimbabwe- Bulawayo Branch: Physical: 29B Main St, Bulawayo, Postal: P O Box 1270, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, Tel (263-9) 76402
• Self-Help Development Foundation Of Zimbabwe - Harare Branch: Physical: 99 Mbuya Nehanda St, Harare, Postal: P.O. Box 4576, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel 572933
• UNIFEM (United Nations Development Fund For Women): Physical: 7th Floor Takura House, 67 Union Ave, Harare, Postal: P O Box 4775, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-4) 792681 to 6; 728691 to 7, Fax: (263-4) 728695; 704729
• Women's Action Group Zimbabwe: "Vision: A Zimbabwe with empowered women and girls claiming and enjoying their rights in a situation of transformed power relations between women and men. Mission: To develop products and tools for unlocking women’s and girls’ power to claim and enjoy their rights in violence free and rights conscious communities." Physical Address: 11 Lincoln Rd, Avondale, Harare, Postal: P.O. Box 135, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel and Fax: (263-4) 339161
• Women & Aids Support Network (WASN): Physical: 21 Van Praagh Ave, Milton Park, Harare, Postal: P.O.Box 1554, Harare, Zimbawe., Tel (263-4) 781532/3, 772926
• Women's Desk Of The Zimbabwe Council Of Churches: Belisha Tanyongana, P.O. Box H133, Hatfield, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-4) 572122, Fax: (263-4) 573073
• Women's Coalition of Zimbabwe: "The WCoZ is a network of women rights activists and women’s organizations with national structures. The WCoZ is a forum where women meet to engage in collective activism on issues affecting women and girls in Zimbabwe." Address: Women’s Coalition of Zimbabwe, 13 Bates Road, Milton Park Harare, Zimbabwe. Phone: +263 (04) 701995/6. Email: coalition@zol.co.zw
• Women Development Credit Scheme: 1st Floor Park House, 20 Park St, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-4) 774072
• Women In Business And Skills Development In Zimbabwe: 8 Belvedere Rd, Belvedere, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel (263-4) 757068
• Women In Law And Development In Africa (WILDAF) : P.O. Box 4622, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-4) 752105, 751189, Fax: (263-4) 781886, e-mail: wildaf@mango.zw
• Women's Institute Of Zimbabwe, Room 412, Bradlows Building, Jason Moyo Street, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-9) 41695
• Women's Voluntary Services, Box E H 85, Emerald Hill, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-4) 304161
• World University Service (Africa): 8 Belvedere Road, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel: (263-4) 737659, Fax: (263-4) 737659
• Zimbabwe Association Of University Women: P O Box MP55, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe, Tel (263-4) 884601
• Zimbabwe Underpriviled Women Organisation: This is an independent organization to help underprivileged women. Physical Address: 7th Floor Koblenz House, 51 Speke Avenue. P.O Box HG 958, Highlands, Harare, Zimbabwe. Fax 00 263 4 708777. email: zuwo@24hrsmall.com
• Zimbabwe Women's Bureau: Physical: 43 Hillside Rd, Harare. Postal: P O Box CR 120, Cranborne, Harare, Zimbabwe. Tel: (263-4) 747905. Fax: (263-4) 747809
• Zimbabwe Women Lawyers Association: "Zimbabwe Women Lawyers Association is a non-profit making organization, which strives to create a just world free from injustice and inequality. In its mission to defend and dialogue on women and children’s rights, Zimbabwe Women Lawyers Association seeks to provide legal aid and education to millions of women and communities, lobby and advocate communities, institutions, government and policy makers to be sensitive to women and children’s rights as well as raise awareness on matters of its interest." Email: zwla@zwla.co.zw. Phone: 04 706676 / 09 887185-7
• Zimbabwe Women's Resource Centre & Network (ZWRCN): "ZWRCN was founded in 1990 by two women working for the Ministry of Community Development and Women's Affairs. The main objective is to improve the position of women in Zimbabwe through collecting and disseminating material on gender and development. " Physical Address: 288 Herbert Chitepo Avenue cnr 7th Street, Harare. Postal: P.O. Box 2192, Harare, Zimbabwe . Tel (263-4) 737 435. Fax (263-4) 720 331. E-mail: zwrcn@zwrcn.org.zw.