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'''INTRODUCTION'''  
'''INTRODUCTION'''  


Au Canada, vous trouverez de nombreux soins de santé. Les méthodes contraceptives, notamment les préservatifs, les pilules, les patchs et les injections, sont facilement accessibles. Bien que les contraceptifs ne soient pas remboursés par le système de santé canadien pour tout le monde, vous trouverez néanmoins des pilules et stérilets (insertion comprise) à moindre coût dans les cliniques publiques. Vous pouvez vous procurer la pilule contraceptive d'urgence ("pilule du lendemain") à la pharmacie (au comptoir du pharmacien, sans ordonnance) ou dans une clinique. Il n'y a pas d'âge minimal requis, mais la vente reste à la discrétion du pharmacien. De nombreuses cliniques publiques de santé sexuelle offrent des tests de dépistages des IST. Certaines cliniques ne proposent que des tests pour le VIH, alors que d'autres proposent des tests pour un grand nombre d'IST. Dans tous les cas, il vaut mieux prendre rendez-vous.  Un programme de vaccination contre le VPH est également en place. Les prophylaxies pré-exposition (PrEP) et post-exposition (PEP) sont disponibles.  Les avortements sont légaux et sans restrictions. Avec une carte valide de l'assurance-maladie, l'intervention, qu'elle soit médicamenteuse ou chirurgicale, est totalement gratuite. Si vous n'êtes pas citoyenne canadienne ou résidente permanente, il faudra vous attendre à payer entre $300-$900 pour la procédure, mais il existe des assistances financières qui pourront vous aider.
Au Canada, vous trouverez de nombreux soins de santé. Les méthodes contraceptives, notamment les préservatifs, les pilules, les patchs et les injections, sont facilement accessibles. Bien que les contraceptifs ne soient pas remboursés par le système de santé canadien pour tout le monde, vous trouverez néanmoins des pilules et stérilets (insertion comprise) à moindre coût dans les cliniques publiques. Vous pouvez vous procurer la pilule contraceptive d'urgence ("pilule du lendemain") à la pharmacie (au comptoir du pharmacien, sans ordonnance) ou dans une clinique. Il n'y a pas d'âge minimal requis, mais la vente reste à la discrétion du pharmacien. De nombreuses cliniques publiques de santé sexuelle offrent des tests de dépistages des IST. Certaines cliniques ne proposent que des tests pour le VIH, alors que d'autres proposent des tests pour un grand nombre d'IST. Dans tous les cas, il vaut mieux prendre rendez-vous.  Un programme de vaccination contre le VPH est également en place. Les prophylaxies pré-exposition (PrEP) et post-exposition (PEP) sont disponibles.  Les avortements sont légaux et sans restrictions. Avec une carte valide de l'assurance-maladie, l'intervention, qu'elle soit médicamenteuse ou chirurgicale, est totalement gratuite. Si vous n'êtes pas citoyenne canadienne ou résidente permanente, il faudra vous attendre à payer entre $300-$900 pour la procédure, mais il existe des assistances financières qui pourront vous aider.  


==Contraception==
==Contraception==


'''General Note:''' There are many types of contraceptives, also known as "birth control," including IUDs, oral contraceptives, patches, shots, and condoms, etc. If you would like to view a full list, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control here].
'''Note :''' il existe de nombreux moyens de contraception, comme les DIU (dispositifs intra-utérins ou stérilets), les contraceptions orales, les patchs, les injections, les préservatifs, etc. Pour une liste complète, cliquez [http://www.choisirsacontraception.fr/ ici].


===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===
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===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===


In Canada, emergency contraception (also known as "the morning after pill") is available over the counter. They can be found in public sector hospitals and pharmacies.  
In Canada, the emergency contraceptive pill (the morning after pill) is available at a variety of places, including women's clinics, sexual health centres, hospitals, and pharmacies. However, the laws around its availability vary by province. In Ontario and most provinces, emergency contraceptive pills are available over-the-counter, except for Ulipristal-based pills, such as ellaOne, which requires a prescription.<ref>[https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthlinkbc-files/emergency-contraception Emergency Contraception (EC)]</ref> In Quebec, emergency contraceptive requires a prescription, and in in Saskatchewan, it is available behind the counter at pharmacies.<ref>[http://planb.ca/where-to-get-it.html Plan B - Where to Get It (Canada)]</ref>


There are some age restrictions when purchasing EC. As reported by the International Consortium for Emergency Contraception, " In May 2008, the National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities (NAPRA) recommended full OTC access for the LNG regimen with no age restriction. This recommendation is being applied Under Common Law; however, pharmacists have the discretion to restrict sale of EC if a woman does not appear mature. All provinces follow Common Law with the exception of Quebec, which follows Civil Code, and Saskatchewan."<ref>[http://www.cecinfo.org/country-by-country-information/status-availability-database/countries/canada/ EC Status and Availability: Canada]</ref>
Generally speaking, age restrictions on emergency contraception vary by province. In many provinces, there are no age restrictions, so young people and teenagers are legally allowed to purchased emergency contraceptive pills without a prescription or parental consent. However, there are some age restrictions when purchasing EC. As reported by the International Consortium for Emergency Contraception, "In May 2008, the National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities (NAPRA) recommended full OTC access for the LNG regimen with no age restriction. This recommendation is being applied Under Common Law; however, pharmacists have the discretion to restrict sale of EC if a woman does not appear mature. All provinces follow Common Law with the exception of Quebec, which follows Civil Code, and Saskatchewan."<ref>[http://www.cecinfo.org/country-by-country-information/status-availability-database/countries/canada/ EC Status and Availability: Canada]</ref>


===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===


* You can obtain most emergency contraceptive pills (morning after pills) without a prescription from a pharmacy, doctor, women's clinic, sexual assault centres, sexual health clinics, or hospital emergency rooms.
In Canada, if you want dedicated progestin only EC, you can take NorLevo 0.75 mg (available over the counter) or Plan B (available over the counter). You should take 150mgs available in some places as 2 pills, or sometimes just 1 pill, within 120 hours after unprotected sex. If you can't access dedicated EC, you can use some oral contraceptives as replacement EC -- but, remember: in 28-day packs, only the first 21 pills can be used. Some of the contraceptives you can use are Ovral (take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 2 more pills 12 hours later), Minovral (take 4 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 4 more pills 12 hours later) and Alesse (take 5 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 5 more pills 12 hours later).<ref>[http://ec.princeton.edu/worldwide/ Princeton EC website]</ref>
In Canada, if you want dedicated progestin only EC, you can take NorLevo 0.75 mg (available over the counter) or Plan B (available over the counter). You should take 150mgs available in some places as 2 pills, or sometimes just 1 pill, within 120 hours after unprotected sex. If you can't access dedicated EC, you can use some oral contraceptives as replacement EC -- but, remember: in 28-day packs, only the first 21 pills can be used. Some of the contraceptives you can use are Ovral (take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 2 more pills 12 hours later), Minovral (take 4 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 4 more pills 12 hours later) and Alesse (take 5 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 5 more pills 12 hours later).<ref>[http://ec.princeton.edu/worldwide/ Princeton EC website]</ref>


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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===


* You can get the Hepatitis B vaccine at many sexual health clinics.
* There are two '''HPV vaccines''' available in Canada: Cervarix® (HPV2) and Gardasil®9 (HPV9). For some people, the vaccine is free and, for other groups. it is available but not free. For example, the HPV9 vaccine is provided for free to all girls and boys in Canada in Grade 6. Other people who can get free HPV vaccines are girls born in 1994 or before who were not immunized, HIV-positive people (9-26 years of age), transgender people (9-26 years of age), men who have sex with men (9-26 years of age), men who are questioning their sexuality (9-26 years of age), and men who participate in street activity (9-26 years of age), and some other groups. You can visit the [https://immunizebc.ca/hpv Immunize BC website] to learn more.
* If you want Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), you should contact a hospital emergency department or their doctor for treatment. Generally, no appointment is required since patients should be counseled and treated ASAP.
* You can get the '''Hepatitis B vaccine''' at many sexual health clinics.
* Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is available in Canada. In February 2016, Health Canada approved Truvada as prevention.<ref>[http://www.prepwatch.org/canada/ PrEPWatch: Canada]</ref> According to ACT Toronto, "Any doctor can prescribe PrEP. If you have a family doctor that you feel comfortable with, that is a good place to start. There is ongoing testing and medical care required with PrEP, so accessing PrEP through a doctor that you already have a connection with is ideal."<ref>[http://www.actoronto.org/PrEP/how PrEP - How do I get it?]</ref> CATIE has also compiled extensive resources on PrEP for Canadians, which you can check out [http://www.catie.ca/en/prep here].
* If you want '''Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)''', you should contact a hospital emergency department or their doctor for treatment. Generally, no appointment is required since patients should be counseled and treated ASAP.
* If you want '''Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)''', it is available in Canada. In February 2016, Health Canada approved Truvada as prevention, and generic versions of TDF/FTC are approved for prevention. There are an estimated 900-1,100 people on PrEP in Canada, as of 2018.<ref>[http://www.prepwatch.org/canada/ PrEPWatch: Canada]</ref> According to ACT Toronto, "Any doctor can prescribe PrEP. If you have a family doctor that you feel comfortable with, that is a good place to start. There is ongoing testing and medical care required with PrEP, so accessing PrEP through a doctor that you already have a connection with is ideal."<ref>[http://www.actoronto.org/PrEP/how PrEP - How do I get it?]</ref> CATIE has compiled extensive resources on PrEP for Canadians, which you can check out [http://www.catie.ca/en/prep here]. For updates on PrEP access in Canada, [https://www.prepwatch.org/canada/ PrEPWatch] is also a great resource.


===Costs===
===Costs===
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