Warsaw

Poland / Warsaw

OVERVIEW

Contraception (Birth Control)

General Note: There are many types of contraceptives, also known as "birth control," including IUDs, oral contraceptives, patches, shots, and condoms, etc. If you would like to view a full list, click here.

Laws & Social Stigmas

In Poland, birth control pills are only available with a prescription. There appears to be a six-cycle maximum for prescriptions. After six months, women may need to obtain a new birth control prescription. Note that, in some cases, women have been asked if they are married when requesting to receive a prescription. However, there are progressive Polish physicians, as well, and experiences vary.

From 1952-1989, Poland was under communist rule as the Polish People's Republic, and it served as a satellite state of the Soviet Union. During these years, birth control pills were legal and widely accessible. However, with the fall of the Soviet Union and the Polish People's Republic, the Catholic Church became increasingly powerful in Polish society. Today, this has created an environment in which doctors or pharmacists can refuse to sell birth control to women. Some have called the situation in Poland a "sexual revolution in reverse," as Polish society seems to be undoing years of social progress.

Historically, some of the earliest changes came in 1991, when the Polish government removed subsidies for birth control, thereby tripling the price. As reported by the New York Times in 1991, "Since June 1989, when Poland's first non-Communist leaders in half a century took office, elements in the country's Catholic church have been pressing for parliamentary adoption of laws reflecting the church's social agenda. In the last year the Government has introduced voluntary religion classes in the public schools and tightened divorce laws." In the past few years, the Catholic Church has vocally opposed public education on family planning, LGBT rights and sex education. The Church was most recently inflamed by "gender workshops," which encouraged sex education for young people. In response, the Church supported posters that stated “Protect Your Child Against Gender," which were plastered around schools in 2013. As reported by the New York Times in early 2014, "Almost every day there are new pronouncements warning against gender ideology, for example, as when a priest commented in a talk in Poznan that 'gender leads to the devastation of families' and 'is associated with radical feminism, which advocates for abortion, the employment of women and the detention of children in preschools.'"

Overall, Polish society is at a crossroads. Birth control pills are still legal, but sex education is very limited and, as reported by the New York Times, "even scientists speak in one voice with the church..." This means that less and less women may be educated on contraceptives in the future, and there may be increasing problems related to accessibility, information and social stigma.

What to Get & Where to Get It

In Poland, you will need to visit a physician ("lekarz" in Polish) to obtain a birth control prescription. To say contraceptive/birth control in Polish, you can say "antykoncepcyjny." Once you've obtained a prescription, you can purchase birth control at a pharmacy ("apteka" in Polish). If you already have a foreign birth control prescription, it may not be accepted in Polish pharmacies, so you should visit a pharmacy to confirm. Some common birth control brands in Poland are Microgynon, Minisiston, Rigevidon and Stediril 30.

Here are some pharmacies to check out:

• Apteka 21: This is a 24-hour pharmacy at Warszawa Centralna train station.
• Apteka Ordynacka: Address Śródmieście. ul. Tamka 49, 00-355 Warsaw, Poland, Śródmieście. Phone number +48 22 827 07 94.
• Apteka Przy Willowej: Mokotów, Stary Mokotów, ul. Puławska 39, 02-508 Warsaw, Poland. Phone number 22 849 37 57.
• Euro Apteka: Ochota, Wola, Mirów, Al. Jerozolimskie 56, 00-803 Warsaw, Poland. Phone number 22 654 89 80
• Apteka Dariusz Zarzecki: Powiśle, Solec, ul Solec 30A, 00-403 Warsaw, Poland. Phone number 22 628 25 09.
• Super-Pharm: Śródmieście, ul. Marszałkowska 28a, Warsaw, Poland. Phone number 22 460 46 90.
• Apteka Przy Bażantarni: Ursynów, Przy Bażantarni 11, 02-793 Warsaw, Poland. Phone number 22 649 66 60.

Costs

If you choose to get a prescription through the public health care system (NFZ), the appointment may be free. If you get an appointment at a private clinic, you will pay more. Birth control pills are about 30-50 PLN (Polish Zloty) for a one month supply. The ring is about 80 PLN for a month supply.

Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)

Important Notes: Emergency contraception may prevent pregnancy for three days (72 hours) and sometimes five days (120 hours) after unprotected sex. Take EC as soon as possible after unprotected sex. If you don't have access to dedicated EC, oral contraceptives can be used as replacement EC, but remember the following: 1) Only some contraceptives work as EC 2) Different contraceptives require different dosages and time schedules to work as EC 3) You must only use the first 21 pills in 28-day packs and 4) They may be less effective than dedicated EC. For general information on emergency contraceptives, click here and here.

Laws & Social Stigmas

Currently, emergency contraception (the morning after pill) is available in Poland without a prescription (if you're over 15 years old). This may soon change. The Law and Justice Party (PiS) wants to make emergency contraception only available by prescription. This goes against how it's currently accessed in most European countries (i.e. no prescription needed) and it goes against the recommendations of the European Medicines Agency, which states that EC can be used safely and effectively without a prescription. However, the Polish Roman Catholic Church strongly condemns the use of morning after pill. Furthermore, in 2015, Polish Deputy Prime Minister Jaroslaw Gowin stated that morning after pills amount to "express abortion." There is currently a serious threat to the availability of emergency contraception/the morning after pill in Poland.

What to Get & Where to Get It

Note: The longest-lasting EC is currently ellaOne. It lasts up to 5 days (120 hours) after unprotected sex, and it's carried in Poland. Copper IUDs may also prevent pregnancy up to 5 days after unprotected sex. If none of these options are available, and it's been over 3 days since you had unprotected sex, you can still take EC, which may work up to 5 days. Note that EC pills are not 100% effective and should be taken as soon as possible.

The information below is provided by the Princeton EC Website:

Dedicated Products / Anti-Progestin Take 1 pill within 120 hours after unprotected sex:

• ellaOne (visit the Polish ellaOne website for details)

Dedicated Products / Progestin Only Take 1 pill within 120 hours after unprotected sex:

• Escapelle

Take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex:

• Postinor Duo

Oral Contraceptives used for EC / Progestin-Estrogen Combined Note: in 28-day packs, only the first 21 pills can be used Take 4 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 4 more pills 12 hours later:

• Microgynon
• Minisiston
• Rigevidon
• Stediril 30

Costs

In 2014, the morning after pill was about €12 in Polish pharmacies.

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs/STDs)

Important Notes - Learn about PEP and PrEP: If you think that you've been recently exposed to HIV (i.e. within 72 hours), seek out PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis). It's a month-long treatment to prevent HIV infection after exposure, and it may be available in your city. Take PEP as soon as possible. For more information, click here. If you are at risk of HIV exposure, seek out PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis). It's a daily oral pill that can prevent HIV infection before exposure. To learn more about PrEP, click here.

Laws & Social Stigmas

If you're visiting Poland for a short-term visit, there are no restrictions attached to your STI status, and you're not required to take any STI tests. However, if you plan to stay in Poland for longer than 3 months, you may be required to take an HIV test. Furthermore, if you're a pregnant woman and you're "suspected of being infected," or if you birth a child who is infected, you may be required to take an HIV test. If you are a refugee applying for refugee status in Poland, you will probably be asked health questions, but HIV status is not a legal reason for rejection. You are allowed to import antiretroviral medication for personal use.

What to Get & Where to Get It

In Poland, you can find anonymous STI testing and treatment (see below for details). There is currently no Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) available in Poland. While Post-exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) is available in Europe, it's difficult to determine if it is available in Poland.

Testing Facilities

• If you're employed in Poland and have health insurance, you'll need to get the right paperwork in order. To do this, go to a local/family doctor ("lekarz rodzinny" in Polish) and ask for a referral ("skierowanie" in Polish) for a facility that does comprehensive check-ups, including blood tests. Then, you visit the facility and register there. You can choose to do a public facility, which should be free but could have very long wait times for appointments (some people have reported waiting for months). Alternatively, you can go to a private facility, which will be more costly but should be efficient.
• If you would like free and anonymous HIV testing in Warsaw, here's the places to check out:
  • PKD przy Laboratorium Analiz Lekarskich "IZIS" ul. Chmielna 4 00-117 Warszawa
  • PKD przy Wojewódzkiej Stacji Sanitarno-Epidemiologicznej Ul. Żelazna 79 00-875 Warszawa
  • PKD przy Wojewódzkiej Stacji Sanitarno-Epidemiologicznej ul. Nowogrodzka 82 wejście B, II p. 02-018 Warszawa
  • "Punkt Konsultacyjno-Diagnostyczny przy Wojewódzkiej Stacji Sanitarno-Epidemiologicznej", Nowogrodzka 82 entrance B (2nd floor) --> This one is free but we're not sure if it's anonymous or not (you should ask to confirm).
• If you would like to visit private clinics, you'll have the advantage of more efficient test results and testing for more STIS. Many of the public and free facilities only test for HIV. Here's a list of some recommended private facilities:
  • Luxmed: This is a private clinic that has facilities all over Warsaw (and Poland in general). If you want to be tested for more STIs than HIV only, this is probably a good place to go. Their website is in Polish and English, and they have English-speaking staff. It's known to be high-quality and trustworthy.
  • Medicover: "Medicover is an international private health care provider. We have more than 20 years of experience. Our patients are provided with access to comprehensive outpatient and inpatient services, as well as a full range of laboratory diagnostics." They have facilities all over Poland but here's the address of their main office: Medicover Sp. z o.o., Al. Jerozolimskie 96, 00-807 Warsaw, Telephone 22 592 70 00, Fax 22 592 70 99.
  • High Med: Seems to focus more on anti-aging, dermatology, etc. But it seems that they may also do STD/STI tests. 00 48 22 307 18 73 ext: 20902 Kasprowicza 27 lok. 2, Warsaw, 01817.
  • Medical Center Dantex - Nowolipie: Provides urine checks and cervical checks. It's not clear if they do the full battery of STI checks, so one should inquire. Pone. 00 48 22 307 18 73 ext: 26767 ul. Nowolipie 18, Warszawa, 01-005

Support

• Star of Hope Foundation: Helps people dealing with hepatitis and liver disease. Address: Henryka Dąbrowskiego 22, Katowice 40-032, Poland. Email: a.drabik14@wp.pl, fundacja@gwiazdanadziei.pl. T: +48 60 971 122. T: +48 323 537 664. M: +48 693 448 559.
• Monar: Address: ul. Nowolipki 9b, 00-151 Warszawa, Telephone: +48 22 635 9509, Fax: +48 22 530 6281, Email: biuro@monar.org
• National AIDS Centre: Address: Ministry of Health, ul. Samsonowska 1, 02-829 Warsaw, Telephone: +48 22 331 77 55, Fax: +48 22 331 77 76, Email: aids@aids.gov.pl.
• Polish National Network of PLWHA "SIEC PLUS": Address: Ul. Modzelewskiego 63, 02-679 Warszawa, Telephone: +48 22 844 7710, Email: plus.psycholog@gmail.com
• Stowarzyszenie Profilaktyki i Wsparcia w zakresie HIV/AIDS “Jeden Świat," Association for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Social Support “One World”: Address: ul. Ściegiennego 89/28, 30-809 Krakow, Telephone: +48 535 348 225, Email: jedenswiat.krakow@gmail.com.

Medications & Vaccines

What to Get & Where to Get It

If you come down with a yeast infection, ask the pharmacist for a generic version of "Fluconazole." Regarding HPV, there seems to be no national HPV vaccination program in place, despite the fact that many other European nations have adopted such programs.

Menstruation

Note: In addition to pads and tampons, you can also use menstrual cups and menstrual underwear for your period. To learn more about menstrual cups, click here. To learn more about menstrual underwear, click here.

What to Get & Where to Get It

In Poland, you can find pads, tampons and menstrual cups. For pads and tampons, you can purchase them in most stores, especially international chains like Carrefour. If you're interested in menstrual cups, you have a few options. For MoonCup, contact Magiczny Kubeczek (email: sklep@magicznykubeczek.pl). For LadyCup, contact Florencja Dorota Szulc, LadyCup.pl, EcoShop.com.pl, Magiczny Kubeczek, cincoterra.pl. For MoonCup, contact Eko Dystrybutor, Joga Wege Art, Kinky Winky (+18), Samo Uzdrawianie, Od Natury, Magiczny Kubeczek, Ekokobieta or Drogeria Ekologiczna. There seem to be no sellers of Lunette menstrual cups, so if you're interested in purchasing a Lunette, you should order online.

Abortion

Important Note: There are two main types of abortions: medical (also known as the "abortion pill") and surgical (also known as "in-clinic"). For medical abortions, you take a pill to induce abortion. For surgical abortions, a procedure is performed to induce abortion. For general information about medical and surgical abortions, click here.

Laws & Social Stigmas

In Poland, abortion is generally illegal. It is only permitted in certain circumstances, which include the following: when the woman's life is endangered by the pregnancy, when the pregnancy was caused by a criminal act (such as rape or incest), or when doctors determine that there is serious risk of fetus malformation. The pregnant woman must give written consent if she is a legal adult and able to give such consent. In other cases, a guardian must give legal consent. For all women, abortion is not available. This means that other general reasons for abortion, like economic/social reasons or availability upon request, are not permitted. For a brief time, Polish law allowed women to receive abortions due to their social or economic conditions, but this was later repealed. According to the Law on Family Planning, Human Embryo Protection and Conditions of Permissibility of Abortion Act (written in 1993 and 1997), "The right to life shall be subject to protection, including in the prenatal phase." Furthermore, "Upon being born, the child may demand redress for damages suffered before birth."

If a woman illegally receives an abortion in Poland, she will be not be punished by the law. However, the physician or health care worker who provides the abortion may face up to 2 years of imprisonment. If someone terminates the pregnancy through "use of violence" or without the consent of the woman, that person faces 6 months to 8 years in prison. If anyone commits "bodily injury" to a fetus, that person may be subject to 2 years in prison. If the abortion results in the death of the woman, the heath care worker may receive up to 10 years in prison.

During the communist years, Poland generally allowed abortion. In the 1950s, it was allowed under certain circumstances and, by the 1960s, abortion was available on request. This lead to some women in other European countries, like Sweden, traveling to Poland to receive abortions. However, with the fall of communism, Poland began to adopt more conservative policies toward abortion. In the 1990s, the government enacted newly severe abortion laws, making the country one of the most restrictive (in terms of abortion law) in Europe. In June 2015, Women on Waves delivered the abortion pill to Poland via drones, which flew from Germany to Poland. In late 2016, the Polish government began to pursue further restrictions. In October 2016, the Polish government proposed a new bill that would completely ban abortion. The bill would also punish women with up to 5 year prison sentences if they were found guilty of receiving an illegal abortion.

Officially, the Polish government reports about 744 abortions per year. It is estimated that the real number is closer to 50,000 abortions per year.

Costs

If a woman receives a legal abortion and she is a recipient of Polish health insurance, her abortion will be covered by the government. According to some reports, underground abortions in Poland go for up to 4000 euros.