Hong Kong

China / Hong Kong

OVERVIEW

Hong Kong is an incredibly international city with fantastic medical facilities. You can purchase contraception at pharmacies and tampons are relatively easy to find. However, you do need a prescription for emergency contraception (morning after pill). Furthermore, if you want an abortion, it can be rather expensive and must be done within 10 weeks of pregnancy. Due to these medical and financial restrictions, many Hong Kong women seek abortions in mainland China. Socially, the city is rather tolerant and open-minded. There are various feminist, gender studies and LGBT organizations.

Contraception

Laws & Social Stigmas

In Hong Kong, you can easily purchase contraceptives with no prescription, including condoms, hormonal contraceptives (birth control pills, implants, injections), diaphragms and intra-uterine devices (IUDs). Nuvaring is not currently available. Condoms can be purchased in most drugstores, pharmacies and supermarkets. In 2012, a study found that 40% of HK women had used contraceptives at one point in their lives.

What to Get & Where to Get It

While many generic oral contraceptives are available in Hong Kong, you may want to research some brands in advance. For example, the Yasmin/Yaz brand, which has been found to cause blood clots, is available with no pharmacist's/doctor's warnings in HK pharmacies, as reported by the South China Morning Post. Says the article, "When a female Post journalist tried to buy the pills at a popular Hong Kong pharmacy chain, no questions were asked; it was only when the journalist asked about their side effects, after purchase, that the pharmacist told her she should consult her doctor."

Some places to check out:

• Family Planning Association of Hong Kong, Birth Control Clinic - Serves women who are married or over 26. If you are under 26 and unmarried, visit the Youth Health Care Service.
• Watson's - A popular drug store/pharmacy with branches throughout Hong Kong
• Red Ribbon Center - Get free condoms here. "Although the sales network of condom in Hong Kong has extended to supermarkets and convenient stores, it is embarrassing to buy a condom in front of cashier in the society where sex is still a taboo for many. To make condom more accessible, the following venues provide free condoms to their clients."

Costs

Birth control pills cost about HKD 90-110/month. The IUD is about HKD 1500. Condoms are about HKD 100 for a ten-pack. Most private health insurance policies do not cover contraception.

Emergency Contraception

Laws & Social Stigmas

In Hong Kong, you need a prescription to obtain emergency contraception at pharmacies. However, you can obtain EC from the Family Planning Association Hong Kong (FPAHK), family doctors and government clinics without a prescription. FPAHK also allows people to purchase in EC in advance, which they can store at home in case of emergencies. There is no confirmed data on age restrictions for EC in Hong Kong. If you do have a prescription, you can find EC at pharmacies. Note that, while Hong Kong is technically a part of China, it has different policies than mainland China (where EC is widely accessible).

According to studies, Hong Kong residents seem rather uneducated regarding EC. Many women think that EC causes abortion. This lack of awareness is also found in the medical community. In a 2007 study, doctors scored 6.08 out of 12 in a simple test of EC knowledge.

The HK government has claimed that, if they make EC available at all pharmacies, they are promoting promiscuity. However, as written in Hong Kong Free Press, "It is debatable whether the fear of encouraging promiscuity, the lack of general knowledge among users, or concerns over misuse are legitimate reasons for the Hong Kong government to play the role of moral police and deny over-the-counter access to the pill."

What to Get & Where to Get It

• Fanda Pharmacy (near Pedder street in Central)
• Family Planning Association Hong Kong (FPAHK) - Place to get EC without a prescription

For dedicated EC products, you can find Escapelle and NorLevo 1.5mg (take 1 pill within 120 hours after unprotected sex). You can also take Duet, Estinor, Postinor-2 (take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex). If you want to use oral contraceptives as EC, options include Duoluton, Eugynon, Neogynon, Nordiol and Ovral ( take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 2 more pills 12 hours later). Other oral contraceptive options include Microgynon, Microgynon 30 ED, Microgynon-30, Nordette and Rigevidon (take 4 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 4 more pills 12 hours later). Finally, there's Loette (take 5 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 5 more pills 12 hours later).

Costs

At FPAHK, you'll pay up to HK$360 for a consultation and a single dose of the morning-after pill.

Medication & Vaccines

What to Get & Where to Get It

For yeast infections, you can get Canesten cream with no prescription at pharmacies like Watson's. Diflucan if also available for yeast infections, but you may need to visit a doctor to get a prescription (can someone confirm this?). Regarding HPV, vaccines like Gardasil are available, and the registered age for the vaccine is 9 years and up. For HIV prevention, there is no PrEP access. However, for people traveling to HK with HIV/AIDS, antiretroviral medication can be carried for personal use.

For PEP, contact Hong Kong Emergency Medicine Centre. They are open 24/7.

• Kinetics - for HPV or Hepatitis vaccination.

More details on future Truvada/PrEP access in Hong Kong, as written by Sexual Health Specialists, HK: "At the crux of this debate – which extends far beyond Hong Kong’s borders – is whether Truvada is the costly answer to the HIV epidemic or whether its usage only serves to encourage more unprotected sex. Only time will tell – but at least people can add another option to their list of HIV prevention, even though the drug still isn’t readily available in Hong Kong."

Menstruation

Laws & Social Stigmas

While tampons are available, they are much less popular than pads/panty-liners.

What to Get & Where to Get It

If you want to buy pads/panty-liners, they are readily available. You can also find tampons but they're less common/popular. You'll usually see OB (without applicators), Playtex (Gentle Glide) and Tampax (cardboard) tampons. You may be able to find organic tampons in some supermarkets.

There are no menstrual cup sellers (e.g. DivaCup, Mooncup, LadyCup) in Hong Kong or mainland China, so you'll need to buy them online.

Gynecological Exams

Laws & Social Stigmas

From InterNations Hong Kong: "In 2004, the Hong Kong Department of Health established the Cervical Screening Program. It aims to increase the overall coverage of testing among women living in Hong Kong. Part of the program is an information system. If you register, you will receive automatic reminders from your gynecologist in Hong Kong when your next pap smear is due. A cervical screening costs an extra HKD 100."

What to Get & Where to Get It

For gynecological exams, you can choose to go to a public healthcare center or a private specialist. If you're interested in a public healthcare center, it's recommended to visit one of the Maternal and Child Health Care Centers for a check-up. For anyone under 64 years old, they offer check-ups for early signs of cervical, breast and ovarian cancer. They also offer HPV vaccines. As for private doctors, you can choose a private specialist from the Hong Kong directory of doctors.

Costs

At Maternal and Child Health Care Centers, you can get a gynecological check-up for around HKD 300 (if you're an HK resident). For a mammography, you pay an additional 225 dollars.

STD Tests

What to Get & Where to Get It

Social Hygiene Clinics

For low-cost or free STD tests, visit the 'Hong Kong Social Hygiene Clinics'. They medical check-up, treatment and counseling on STIs/STDs. All information is confidential. If you are 1) a holder of Hong Kong Identity Card issued under the Registration of Persons Ordinance (Chapter 177), except those who obtained their Hong Kong Identity Card by virtue of a previous permission to land or remain in Hong Kong granted to them and such permission has expired or ceased to be valid 2) a child who is an HK resident and 11 years old or 3) approved by the Director of Health, you can receive all services for free. If you do not fall under one of these categories, you will be charged.

Note: These clinics do blood tests for HIV, syphilis, and swab tests for chlamydia and gonorrhea. No testing done for Herpes or HPV unless you show symptoms of those diseases.

• Chai Wan Social Hygiene Clinic - West Wing LG5, Specialist Out-patient Block, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, 3 Lok Man Road, Chai Wan, Hong Kong. Phone: 2595 7500
• Yung Fung Shee Social Hygiene Clinic - 4/F, Yung Fung Shee Memorial Centre, 79 Cha Kwo Ling Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon. Phone: 2727 8315
• Tuen Mun Social Hygiene Clinic - 5/F, Tuen Mun Eye Centre, 4 Tuen Lee Street, Tuen Mun, New Territories. Phone: 2459 2958
• Fanling Integrated Treatment Centre(Social Hygiene Service) - 6/F, Fanling Health Centre, 2 Pik Fung Road, Fanling, New Territories. Phone: 2639 1437

For more details, visit the Clinic list online. While this list is technically for males, it seems that some of the clinics may also be open to women (i.e. the ones with no "male" in the name!).

General Clinics

• The Family Planning Association of Hong Kong - It's not clear if they do testing beyond Hepatitis B, but it seems they do. Contact them to ensure in advance. Address: 10/F., Southorn Centre, 130 Hennessy Road, Wanchai, HK, Telephone: 2575-4477, Fax: 2834-6767.
• LIFE Clinic - Offers STD testing, HPV vaccine, Hepatitis vaccines. Suite 1702, New World Tower One, 16-18 Queens Road Central, Hong Kong
• Hong Kong Emergency Medicine Centre - Provides same-day STD testing, including Chlamydial‬ / Gonorrhea / Herpes / Syphillus / Wart. Has PEP.
• [aids.org.hk Hong Kong AIDS Foundation] - Only tests for HIV/AIDS.. Clinic at 8 Chai Wan Rd5/F Shaukeiwan Jockey Club Clnc, Shaukeinwan, Phone: 852 2560 8528.
• Sexual Health Specialists - Not clear from their website what they test for. But they seem LGBT-friendly, knowledgeable and very progressive so probably worth an email/call to find out. Phone number: (852) 3162 0001. Email: sexhealth@neohealth.com.hk.

Pregnancy

What to Get & Where to Get It

For a full list of public Maternal and Child Health Centers in HK, visit this link.

Abortion

Laws & Social Stigmas

In Hong Kong, medical and surgical abortion is legal (for up to 10 weeks of pregnancy). According to Section 47 of the "Offences Against the Person Ordinance" (Chapter 212), two registered medical practitioners need to confirm that the abortion decision was made in good faith. There are also two reasons that are permitted for an abortion, and a woman must satisfy both of these criteria: 1) Continuing the pregnancy would endanger the pregnant woman's physical/mental health 2) There is a substantial risk of fetal impairment.

According to the Family Planning Association of Hong Kong, "in the case of a pregnant woman who is below the age of 16, or has made a report to the police within 3 months that she has been the victim of incest, rape, intercourse by threat, intercourse by false pretense, or drugged rape, the doctors, when forming an opinion, may presume that continuing the pregnancy would involve risk of injury to her physical or mental health greater than if her pregnancy were terminated." Therefore, in this case, the young girl is eligible to receive a legal abortion according to the Hong Kong Common Law, Chapter 212, Section 47. (Source: http://wiki.ubc.ca/Abortion_in_Hong_Kong#cite_note-2).

In 2012, it was reported in South China Morning Post that many HK women go to mainland China for abortions. As the article wrote, "They are women who want an abortion but have slipped through the net of the Hong Kong system. They are forced to turn to substandard facilities across the border because of public hospitals' reluctance to provide abortions, sky-high prices in the private sector, and the fact that the Family Planning Association can only perform abortions in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy. Poor knowledge about sex and contraception worsen the problem. The number of women affected remains unclear, but surveys have suggested that more than a third of Hong Kong women who have an abortion each year do so on the mainland." (Source: http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1095991/hong-kong-women-head-mainland-abortions-mainland-mums-come-here-give)

What to Get & Where to Get It

• Family Planning Association of Hong Kong - Provides medical or surgical abortion for up to 10 weeks of pregnancy.

The following hospitals are supposed to take abortion referrals from FPAHK:

Private Hospitals

• Kong Sanatorium & Hospital - Has locations in Central, Island West and Taikoo that deal with "Family Medicine and Primary Care." Supposed to take abortion referrals. Address: Hong Kong, 跑馬地山村道2號. Phone: 2835-8607.
• Matilda International Hospital - Situated on Victoria Peak. Supposed to take referrals for abortions. Address: 41 Mount Kellett Road, The Peak, Hong Kong. Phone: 2849-0111.
• Union Hospital - Supposed to take referrals for abortions. Address: 18 Fu Kin St, 沙田大圍 Hong Kong. Phone: 2608-3222.

Hospitals of the Hospital Authority Telephone

• Princess Margaret Hospital - Flagship hospital in the Kowloon West Cluster of the Hospital Authority. Phone: 2990-1111.
• Prince of Wales Hospital - Address: : 至 32 號 威 爾 斯 親王 醫院 李嘉誠 專科 診所 南 翼, 30 Ngan Shing St, Sha Tin, Hong Kong. Phone: 2632-2211.
• Queen Elizabeth Hospital - Address: 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Phone: 3506-8888.
• Queen Mary Hospital - Address: 102 Pok Fu Lam Rd, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong. Phone: 2255-3838.

Costs

At the Family Planning Association of Hong Kong, you can expect to pay 3,300 HK dollar (Entitled persons) / 4,400 HK dollar (Non-entitled persons) for medical/surgical termination of early pregnancy. For monitored anesthetic care, you can expect to pay 1,00 HK dollar at FPAHK.

Advocacy & Counseling

List of Additional Resources

• Family Planning Association of Hong Kong: Performs abortions, counseling, etc. The is the main center for women's and reproductive issues in Hong Kong.
• Abortion in Hong Kong Wiki from UBC: This is a wonderful resource put together by University of British Columbia, detailing Hong Kong abortion law. It seems that UBC went through a massive amount of data and readings to distill the most important facts.
• Pink Alliance - "a non-profit voluntary organisation registered under the Societies Ordinance. Its main objective is to promote equal rights for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) people through lobbying, education and campaigns."
• Association for the Advancement of Feminism, Hong Kong - "Established in 1984 to organise the local women's movement, it aims to promote understanding about problems faced by women and discrimination against women." Address: 8A, 444 Nathan Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel: (852)-7811900. Fax: (852)-3855319
• Institute for Women's Empowerment: Postbox 7912, GPO, Hong Kong SAR, Email: iwe.empowerment@gmail.com, info@iwe-women.org, Fax +852-30144701.
• Gender Research Centre - "the first research unit on gender and women’s issues in Hong Kong. Beginning as the Gender Research Programme in 1985, the Gender Research Centre was renamed in 2000.Members include scholars from Social Science, Humanities, Medicine, Business Administration, and other interdisciplinary fields who are involved with the research activities of the GRC." Address: HKIAPS, 7/F Tin Ka Ping Bldg. The Chinese University of Hong Kong, SHATIN, N.T., Hong Kong, Tel: (852) 26098775, Fax: (852) 26035215.
• Women in Publishing, Hong Kong: "We are a group of women based in Hong Kong (or who have a HK connection) who are either involved in or interested in some aspect of publishing. We're writers, writers-to-be, poets, artists, illustrators, editors, proofreaders, copywriters, graphic designers, journalists, publishers, fiction or non-fiction authors or quite simply women who wish to become involved in some way with the publishing world." 409, Yu Yuet Lai Bldg, 43-45 Wyndham Central, Hong Kong. Tel: +2526-0206. Fax:+2526-0378.