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Generally speaking, Zimbabwe is considered to have a "high prevalence" of HIV. In 2016, it was estimated that 13.5% of the population was living with HIV/AIDS and that 74% of infected adults were on antiretroviral treatment. The most common form of transmission was unprotected heterosexual sex.<ref>[https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe Avert: HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe]</ref> However, certain populations experienced higher rates of infections, including sex workers (57.1% infection rate), men who have sex with men (also known as "MSM") and prisoners (28% infection rate).<ref>[http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/zimbabwe UNAIDS - Zimbabwe]</ref> When sex workers or MSM have sought out treatment or care for HIV in Zimbabwe, especially when they have developed efforts specifically to serve their communities, they have often encountered barriers, including intimidation, arrests and condom confiscation from police. Sex work and homosexuality are illegal in Zimbabwe, and police often respond with intimidation and arrests.<ref>[https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe Avert: HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe]</ref> | Generally speaking, Zimbabwe is considered to have a "high prevalence" of HIV. In 2016, it was estimated that 13.5% of the population was living with HIV/AIDS and that 74% of infected adults were on antiretroviral treatment. The most common form of transmission was unprotected heterosexual sex.<ref>[https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe Avert: HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe]</ref> However, certain populations experienced higher rates of infections, including sex workers (57.1% infection rate), men who have sex with men (also known as "MSM") and prisoners (28% infection rate).<ref>[http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/zimbabwe UNAIDS - Zimbabwe]</ref> When sex workers or MSM have sought out treatment or care for HIV in Zimbabwe, especially when they have developed efforts specifically to serve their communities, they have often encountered barriers, including intimidation, arrests and condom confiscation from police. Sex work and homosexuality are illegal in Zimbabwe, and police often respond with intimidation and arrests.<ref>[https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe Avert: HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe]</ref> | ||
For women in Zimbabwe, STI prevention can be difficult, who often encounter gender inequality in marriages in relationships. For example, only 68% of Zimbabwean men believe that women have the right to refuse intercourse if they know the man is having sex with other women. Furthermore, only 8 out of 10 Zimbabwean women believe that they have the right to ask their partner to use a condom if the partner has a sexually-transmitted disease.<ref>[https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe Avert: HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe]</ref> | For women in Zimbabwe, STI prevention can be difficult, who often encounter gender inequality in marriages and in relationships. For example, only 68% of Zimbabwean men believe that women have the right to refuse intercourse if they know the man is having sex with other women. Furthermore, only 8 out of 10 Zimbabwean women believe that they have the right to ask their partner to use a condom if the partner has a sexually-transmitted disease.<ref>[https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe Avert: HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe]</ref> | ||
In Zimbabwe, HIV transmission rates have been dropping -- for example, 79,000 people contracted HIV in 2010 compared to 40,000 in 2016. Furthermore, the number of people who have died due to AIDS-related illness has also declined in recent years. However, HIV/AIDS remains a serious issue for the country. Currently, the majority of HIV expenditures in the country (an estimated 75%) comes from international donors.<ref>[https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe Avert: HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe]</ref> | In Zimbabwe, HIV transmission rates have been dropping -- for example, 79,000 people contracted HIV in 2010 compared to 40,000 in 2016. Furthermore, the number of people who have died due to AIDS-related illness has also declined in recent years. However, HIV/AIDS remains a serious issue for the country. Currently, the majority of HIV expenditures in the country (an estimated 75%) comes from international donors.<ref>[https://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-around-world/sub-saharan-africa/zimbabwe Avert: HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe]</ref> | ||