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'''OVERVIEW'''
'''OVERVIEW'''


In Uganda, contraception can be purchased without a prescription. The rate of contraceptive use is not very high, though the rates have increased in the last two decades. If you want emergency contraception (the morning after pill), you typically don't need a prescription to purchase it pharmacies (though, technically-speaking, it may be legally required). However, if you can't get a prescription, you can use regular oral contraceptives (birth control pills) as replacement emergency contraception. We explain how in the "Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)" section. You can get an HIV and STI test at health care centers throughout the city. There are some health organizations and NGOs that help people dealing with STIs, especially HIV. You can also access PEP and PrEP in Uganda (see "Medications & Vaccines" section for details). There is a national HPV vaccination program as well. Menstruation is often a taboo and socially awkward topic for women, and in poorer and rural parts of the country, menstrual products are difficult to access. There are many health organizations that aim to provide menstrual products and educate women about menstruation, and there has been an exciting effort to introduce more women to menstrual cups. Abortion is illegal, except for when the woman's life is endangered by the pregnancy and, as it's generally interpreted, when the woman's mental or physical health is endangered by the pregnancy. However, due to the restrictive and unclear nature of Ugandan abortion laws, most women seek abortions from clandestine providers. Many women experience complications with these abortions, so it is recommended to exercise extreme caution.
In Uganda, contraception can be purchased without a prescription. The rate of contraceptive use is not very high, though the rates have increased in the last two decades.<ref>https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0219963</ref> If you want emergency contraception (the morning after pill), you typically don't need a prescription to purchase it in pharmacies (though, technically-speaking, it may be legally required). You can also use regular oral contraceptives (birth control pills) as replacement emergency contraception. We explain how in the "Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)" section. You can get an HIV and STI test at health care centers throughout the city. There are some health organizations and NGOs that help people dealing with STIs, especially HIV. You can also access PEP and PrEP in Uganda (see "Medications & Vaccines" section for details). There is a national HPV vaccination program as well. Menstruation is often a taboo and socially awkward topic for women, and in poorer and rural parts of the country, menstrual products are difficult to access. There are many health organizations that aim to provide menstrual products and educate women about menstruation, and there has been an exciting effort to introduce more women to menstrual cups. Abortion is illegal, except for when the woman's life is endangered by the pregnancy and, as it's generally interpreted, when the woman's mental or physical health is endangered by the pregnancy. However, due to the restrictive and unclear nature of Ugandan abortion laws, most women seek abortions from clandestine providers. Many women experience complications with these abortions, so it is recommended to exercise extreme caution.


==Contraception (Birth Control)==
==Contraception (Birth Control)==
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===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===


In Uganda, you can purchase contraception (birth control) without a prescription. It is estimated that 30% of married Ugandan women and 52% of sexually active unmarried Ugandan women use some form modern contraception.<ref>[http://mobile.businessinsider.com/how-birth-control-is-changing-lives-in-uganda-2016-8 How birth control changed everything for a young mother in Uganda]</ref> For married women, the most common contraceptive method were injectables (14-16%), implants (3.5%), male sterilization (2.3%) and condoms (2%).<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/trendsContraceptiveUse2015Report.pdf Trends in Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015]</ref> For unmarried women, the most popular methods were condoms (19%) and injectables (18%).<ref>[http://mobile.businessinsider.com/how-birth-control-is-changing-lives-in-uganda-2016-8 How birth control changed everything for a young mother in Uganda]</ref>  
In Uganda, you can purchase condoms and oral contraceptives (birth control pills) without a prescription. It is estimated that 30% of married Ugandan women and 52% of sexually active unmarried Ugandan women use some form modern contraception.<ref>[http://mobile.businessinsider.com/how-birth-control-is-changing-lives-in-uganda-2016-8 How birth control changed everything for a young mother in Uganda]</ref> For married women, the most common contraceptive method were injectables (14-16%), implants (3.5%), male sterilization (2.3%) and condoms (2%).<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/trendsContraceptiveUse2015Report.pdf Trends in Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015]</ref> For unmarried women, the most popular methods were condoms (19%) and injectables (18%).<ref>[http://mobile.businessinsider.com/how-birth-control-is-changing-lives-in-uganda-2016-8 How birth control changed everything for a young mother in Uganda]</ref>  


Ugandan women typically know about at least one contraceptive method, yet there isn't widespread contraceptive use. According to a 2015 report, 33.4% of Ugandan women (in marriages or in unions) have unmet family planning needs. In Uganda, the median age for first time mothers is 18.9 years old, and 18% of Ugandan teens have already had a child. This can be partially attributed to lack of access to contraceptives, especially in rural areas, and lack of information about family planning services. There is also some male prejudice against birth control, which is sometimes falsely claimed to cause cancer, cause infertility or promote promiscuity.<ref>[http://mobile.businessinsider.com/how-birth-control-is-changing-lives-in-uganda-2016-8 How birth control changed everything for a young mother in Uganda]</ref>
Ugandan women typically know about at least one contraceptive method, yet there isn't widespread contraceptive use. According to a 2015 report, 33.4% of Ugandan women (in marriages or in unions) have unmet family planning needs. In Uganda, the median age for first time mothers is 18.9 years old, and 18% of Ugandan teens have already had a child. This can be partially attributed to lack of access to contraceptives, especially in rural areas, and lack of information about family planning services. There is also some male prejudice against birth control, which is sometimes falsely claimed to cause cancer, cause infertility or promote promiscuity.<ref>[http://mobile.businessinsider.com/how-birth-control-is-changing-lives-in-uganda-2016-8 How birth control changed everything for a young mother in Uganda]</ref>
In March 2019, a study published by the Guttmacher Institute found that half of all pregnancies in Uganda were unintended, and that there were major gaps in sexual and reproductive health care access for adolescent women. You can read the study [https://www.guttmacher.org/news-release/2019/uganda-sexual-and-reproductive-health-services-and-information-fall-short here].


===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===


* You can find '''condoms''' in pharmacies and chain stores. They're very common and easy to find.
* You can find '''condoms''' in pharmacies and chain stores. They're very common and easy to find.
* If you want an '''IUD''', you can get it at many facilities. One local says, "Downtown, IUDs cost 50,000 and are free of charge in government establishments." Here's information on prices from Nakasero Hospital (as of February 2017): "IUD insertions are done at the hospital at a cost of 80,000shs. The whole package and the type used mostly is the (copper T) and also the (Mirena) is available at a cost of 450,000shs. Why 450,000shs because it’s not donated while the copper T is and the 80,000shs is for the procedure paid for." One Kampala local said: "I got my IUD in at Nakasero, but I know they offer all types at most major hospitals and clinics. I would say that when researching where to get my IUD, I found that it was the most expensive contraceptive (250,000 and up) and I don't think it would be something the average Ugandan woman could afford. Birth control pills, shots and condoms were far more affordable."
* If you want the '''contraceptive shot''', you can get it Nakasero Hospital for 80,000shs.
* If you want the '''contraceptive implant''', you can get it Nakasero Hospital for 80,000shs.
* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/services/ Marie Stopes Uganda]: "We provide both short and long term methods including contraceptive implant, IUD, contraceptive injection and press, condoms, contraceptive pills and voluntary surgical contraception (VSC). Family planning counseling, side effects management and removal services are also available at all of our service delivery points. MSU also markets the LifeGuard condom." Phone: +256 393 263 318/ 0414510337. Email: info@mariestopes.or.ug
* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/services/ Marie Stopes Uganda]: "We provide both short and long term methods including contraceptive implant, IUD, contraceptive injection and press, condoms, contraceptive pills and voluntary surgical contraception (VSC). Family planning counseling, side effects management and removal services are also available at all of our service delivery points. MSU also markets the LifeGuard condom." Phone: +256 393 263 318/ 0414510337. Email: info@mariestopes.or.ug
* Kampala Hospital Limited: Pills are New Fem, Pill Plan Plus, Microgynon. They cost one thousand shillings.
* Kampala Hospital Limited: Pills are New Fem, Pill Plan Plus, Microgynon. They cost one thousand shillings.
* If you want an '''IUD''', you can get it at Nakasero Hospital: "IUD insertions are done at the hospital at a cost of 80,000shs the whole package and the type used mostly  is the (copper T) and also the (Mirena) is available at a cost of 450,000shs Why 450,000shs because it’s not donated while the copper T is and the 80,000shs is for the procedure paid for."
* If you want the '''contraceptive shot''', you can get it Nakasero Hospital for 80,000shs.
* If you want the '''contraceptive implant''', you can get it Nakasero Hospital for 80,000shs.
* if you're a teenager, you can visit [http://www.ntihc.org/service-delivery/family-planning-services/ Naguru Teenage Information and Health Centre]: "This service includes free and confidential advice on types of contraception including information about emergency contraception. Contraceptive methods are explained; how it works, advantages and disadvantages. They also provide services for Male condoms, Female condoms, Contraceptive injections, Progesterone only pill (POP), Contraceptive implant, Intrauterine device (IUD), Combined pill (COC), Emergency contraception, Calendar and cycle beads method.  
* if you're a teenager, you can visit [http://www.ntihc.org/service-delivery/family-planning-services/ Naguru Teenage Information and Health Centre]: "This service includes free and confidential advice on types of contraception including information about emergency contraception. Contraceptive methods are explained; how it works, advantages and disadvantages. They also provide services for Male condoms, Female condoms, Contraceptive injections, Progesterone only pill (POP), Contraceptive implant, Intrauterine device (IUD), Combined pill (COC), Emergency contraception, Calendar and cycle beads method.  


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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===


* In Uganda, once you have a prescription, you can get emergency contraception (the morning after pill). You can find EC at pharmacies, public sector clinics and IPPF-affiliated systems. Some of the brands you may find are P2, Pill 72, Postinor-2, Pregnon, Revoke 1.5 and Revoke 72.
* In Uganda, once you have a prescription, you can get emergency contraception (the morning after pill). You can find EC at pharmacies, public sector clinics and IPPF-affiliated systems. Some of the brands you may find are P2, Pill 72, Postinor-2, Pregnon, Revoke 1.5 and Revoke 72.<ref>[http://ec.princeton.edu/worldwide/ Princeton EC Website]</ref>
* '''If you can't get a prescription for emergency contraception, it´s worth a try buying it at the pharmacy. It should be possible to get it though in many pharmacies. But if you cannot access it, you can use regular birth control pills as EC.''' You can do this with progestin-only or combined progestin-estrogen pills. For progestin-only pills, you can take Ovrette (take 40 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex). You can also take Microval (take 50 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex). For combined progestin-estrogen pills, remember to only take the first 21 pills in 28-day packs. You can take Neogynon (take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 2 more pills 12 hours later). You can also take Lo-Femenal or Microgynon-30 (take 4 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 4 more pills 12 hours later).
* '''If you can't get a prescription for emergency contraception, it´s worth a try buying it at the pharmacy. It should be possible to get it though in many pharmacies. But if you cannot access it, you can use regular birth control pills as EC.''' You can do this with progestin-only or combined progestin-estrogen pills. For progestin-only pills, you can take Ovrette (take 40 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex). You can also take Microval (take 50 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex). For combined progestin-estrogen pills, remember to only take the first 21 pills in 28-day packs. You can take Neogynon (take 2 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 2 more pills 12 hours later). You can also take Lo-Femenal or Microgynon-30 (take 4 pills within 120 hours after unprotected sex and take 4 more pills 12 hours later).<ref>[http://ec.princeton.edu/worldwide/ Princeton EC Website]</ref>


'''Warning:''' You should visit a pharmacy you trust. Some pharmacies (that are not vouched for) may sell fake pills. Some imported labels from Europe or the US provide a scratching field on the packing box that - when scretched with a coin- shows off a label. If the packing is intact you can be sure it contains the component you were asking for.
'''Warning:''' You should visit a pharmacy you trust. Some pharmacies (that are not vouched for) may sell fake pills. Some imported labels from Europe or the US provide a scratching field on the packing box that - when scratched with a coin- shows off a label. If the packing is intact you can be sure it contains the component you were asking for.


===Costs===
===Costs===
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* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/services/ Marie Stopes Uganda]: "Our centres offer testing and syndromic management for STIs including gonorrhoea, genital herpes and syphilis. Voluntary, confidential HIV counselling and testing and prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services are also offered." Phone: +256 393 263 318/ 0414510337. Email: info@mariestopes.or.ug
* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/services/ Marie Stopes Uganda]: "Our centres offer testing and syndromic management for STIs including gonorrhoea, genital herpes and syphilis. Voluntary, confidential HIV counselling and testing and prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services are also offered." Phone: +256 393 263 318/ 0414510337. Email: info@mariestopes.or.ug
* [http://www.kampalaindependenthospital.com/?page_id=8737 Kampala Independent Hospital]: "STD tests and check-ups are available at KIH with fast access and fast results. We offer convenient, confidential testing for the sexually transmitted diseases: HIV, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, Hepatitis B and C, Trichomonas, NSU (non-specific urethritis), Mycoplasma genitalium, Herpes and Genital warts. Fast access to treatment is available where necessary." Address: Kampala Independent Hospital, 869 Nalya Road, Ntinda, Uganda. Phone: +256 414 289 834. Email: customer.services@kihug.com
* [http://www.kampalaindependenthospital.com/?page_id=8737 Kampala Independent Hospital]: "STD tests and check-ups are available at KIH with fast access and fast results. We offer convenient, confidential testing for the sexually transmitted diseases: HIV, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, Hepatitis B and C, Trichomonas, NSU (non-specific urethritis), Mycoplasma genitalium, Herpes and Genital warts. Fast access to treatment is available where necessary." Address: Kampala Independent Hospital, 869 Nalya Road, Ntinda, Uganda. Phone: +256 414 289 834. Email: customer.services@kihug.com
*  Dr. Charles Farthing Memorial Clinic: This clinic is included in the AIDS Healthcare Foundation Global Directory, so they should either provide HIV tests or be able to direct you to a clinic that does. Address: Plot 54B, Kira Road, Mulago, Kampala, Uganda. Phone: (+256) 200903497
* St. Balikudembe Market: This clinic is included in the AIDS Healthcare Foundation Global Directory, so they should either provide HIV tests or be able to direct you to a clinic that does. Address:  Adjacent St. Balikudembe Market, Kampala, Uganda. Phone: (+256) 200903496


===Support===
===Support===
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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===


* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/services/ Marie Stopes Uganda]: This is probably the best option for affordable gynecological exams, especially for Ugandan nationals. "MSU works in collaboration with the ministry of health to provide cervical cancer screening to hundreds of thousands of women in Uganda at heavily subsidised service prices." Phone: +256 393 263 318/ 0414510337. Email: info@mariestopes.or.ug
* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/services/ Marie Stopes Uganda]: This is probably the best option for affordable gynecological exams. "MSU works in collaboration with the ministry of health to provide cervical cancer screening to hundreds of thousands of women in Uganda at heavily subsidised service prices." Phone: +256 393 263 318/ 0414510337. Email: info@mariestopes.or.ug
* [http://thesurgeryuganda.org/ The Surgery Uganda]: This is one of the best hospitals in Kampala. You can get a gynecological exam (or "well woman service") at this hospital. To do this, you'll need to book an appointment. Consultation is between 85,000 UGX - 105,000 UGX and the pap smear is between 95,000 UGX and 100,000 UGX (as of January 2017). "We are an international medical facility providing affordable, scientific, evidence based health care in the centre of Kampala. We specialize in providing patient orientated general practice services, travel medicine, and 24 hour emergency room care." Note that this is a Christian hospital.
* [http://thesurgeryuganda.org/ The Surgery Uganda]: This is one of the best hospitals in Kampala. You can get a gynecological exam (or "well woman service") at this hospital. To do this, you'll need to book an appointment. Consultation is between 85,000 UGX - 105,000 UGX and the pap smear is between 95,000 UGX and 100,000 UGX (as of January 2017). "We are an international medical facility providing affordable, scientific, evidence based health care in the centre of Kampala. We specialize in providing patient orientated general practice services, travel medicine, and 24 hour emergency room care." Note that this is a Christian hospital.
* [http://www.nakaserohospital.com/ Nakasero Hospital]: This is one of the best hospitals in Kampala (it will probably be more expensive than Marie Stopes). They have an Obstetrics & Gynaecology department, which can give you a gynecological exam. The cost of the gynecological exam is 80,000shs for international Patients and 60,000shs for the Ugandan Nationals. Pap smear is 70,000shs (as of February 2017). "Nakasero Hospital is a private hospital that was started by a group of Consultant Doctors in 2009 who came together with a goal of setting up a world class hospital that would meet the healthcare needs of Ugandans and East Africans who were seeking medical treatment outside the region, due to the gap in quality healthcare services in the country." PHONE: +256 392 346 153, +256 312 531 400. EMAIL: info@nhl.co.ug.
* [http://www.nakaserohospital.com/ Nakasero Hospital]: This is one of the best hospitals in Kampala (it will probably be more expensive than Marie Stopes). They have an Obstetrics & Gynaecology department, which can give you a gynecological exam. The cost of the gynecological exam is 80,000shs for international Patients and 60,000shs for the Ugandan Nationals. Pap smear is 70,000shs (as of February 2017). "Nakasero Hospital is a private hospital that was started by a group of Consultant Doctors in 2009 who came together with a goal of setting up a world class hospital that would meet the healthcare needs of Ugandans and East Africans who were seeking medical treatment outside the region, due to the gap in quality healthcare services in the country." PHONE: +256 392 346 153, +256 312 531 400. EMAIL: info@nhl.co.ug.
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* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/services/ Marie Stopes Uganda]: "We provide antenatal and postnatal care through our network of centres. MSU also socially markets Misoclear, our brand of Misoprostol used to prevent post-partum hemorrhage." Phone: +256 393 263 318/ 0414510337. Email: info@mariestopes.or.ug
* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/services/ Marie Stopes Uganda]: "We provide antenatal and postnatal care through our network of centres. MSU also socially markets Misoclear, our brand of Misoprostol used to prevent post-partum hemorrhage." Phone: +256 393 263 318/ 0414510337. Email: info@mariestopes.or.ug
* [http://www.ntihc.org/service-delivery/antenantal-care/new-born-mothers-club/ New Born Mothers Club @ Naguru Teenage Information & Health Centre]: "Together with Uganda health marketing group, NTIHC established a New-born Mothers Club. The purpose of the club is to encourage healthy behavior’s and provide a platform for expectant mothers to access vital information on new born care and safe motherhood. Since the launch of the club a total of 506 young mothers have been registered."
* [http://www.ntihc.org/service-delivery/antenantal-care/new-born-mothers-club/ New Born Mothers Club @ Naguru Teenage Information & Health Centre]: "Together with Uganda health marketing group, NTIHC established a New-born Mothers Club. The purpose of the club is to encourage healthy behaviors and provide a platform for expectant mothers to access vital information on new born care and safe motherhood. Since the launch of the club a total of 506 young mothers have been registered."


===Costs===
===Costs===
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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===


* Abii Clinic in Wandegeya - They can handle crisis situations and can dispense medication to prevent HIV after rape.
* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/our-hotline/ Marie Stopes Uganda Hotline]: "Our Hotlines – Call us free of charge on 0800 120 333 & 0800 220 333. Our client-focused hotline provides free, friendly and confidential counselling and information as well as referral for the following services: Family planning, Cervical Cancer, HIV/AIDS, Post Partum Hemorrhage, Condom use, Other products and services provided by MSU. Operating Hours: Monday-Friday, 7.00am – 10.00pm & Saturday, 8.00am – 5.00pm. CALL NOW: 0800 120 333 or 0800 220 333. Speak to our counselors in your preferred language of communication, with the assurance of confidentiality. You could also send us an SMS and we’ll respond to your question.  Simply type FP leave a space then your message and send to 8228.
* [http://mariestopes.or.ug/our-hotline/ Marie Stopes Uganda Hotline]: "Our Hotlines – Call us free of charge on 0800 120 333 & 0800 220 333. Our client-focused hotline provides free, friendly and confidential counselling and information as well as referral for the following services: Family planning, Cervical Cancer, HIV/AIDS, Post Partum Hemorrhage, Condom use, Other products and services provided by MSU. Operating Hours: Monday-Friday, 7.00am – 10.00pm & Saturday, 8.00am – 5.00pm. CALL NOW: 0800 120 333 or 0800 220 333. Speak to our counselors in your preferred language of communication, with the assurance of confidentiality. You could also send us an SMS and we’ll respond to your question.  Simply type FP leave a space then your message and send to 8228.
* [http://www.ntihc.org/service-delivery/counseling-emotional-support/ Counseling and Emotional Support @ Naguru Teenage Information & Health Centre]: "NTIHC provides general counseling and emotional support to young people on a variety of sexual and reproductive health matters. The service aims to empower young people to deal with challenges related to puberty, to develop self-esteem and decision making and negotiation skills."
* [http://www.ntihc.org/service-delivery/counseling-emotional-support/ Counseling and Emotional Support @ Naguru Teenage Information & Health Centre]: "NTIHC provides general counseling and emotional support to young people on a variety of sexual and reproductive health matters. The service aims to empower young people to deal with challenges related to puberty, to develop self-esteem and decision making and negotiation skills."
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