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Generally speaking, Mozambique is a country in transition. The majority of the country is poor, with a high fertility rate and infant mortality rate. Women tend to marry young, and child marriage and teen marriage is common. There are low rates of contraceptive use. The country struggles with issues related to gender inequality and a high rate of HIV infection. However, Mozambique is a young country, with over 60% of the population younger than 25 years old, and there are initiatives to improve sexual and reproductive health care. The rates of HIV infection and HIV-related deaths have gone down in recent years. Furthermore, the country has made significant strides to improve primary health care and reduce the infant mortality rate.<ref>[https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/8981.pdf AGAINST THE | Generally speaking, Mozambique is a country in transition. The majority of the country is poor, with a high fertility rate and infant mortality rate. Women tend to marry young, and child marriage and teen marriage is common. There are low rates of contraceptive use. The country struggles with issues related to gender inequality and a high rate of HIV infection. However, Mozambique is a young country, with over 60% of the population younger than 25 years old, and there are initiatives to improve sexual and reproductive health care. The rates of HIV infection and HIV-related deaths have gone down in recent years. Furthermore, the country has made significant strides to improve primary health care and reduce the infant mortality rate.<ref>[https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/8981.pdf AGAINST THE | ||
ODDS - Mozambique’s gains in primary health care]</ref> <ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mz.html CIA World Factbook - Mozambique]</ref> <ref name="empowergirls_mozambique">[https://www.unfpa.org/news/mozambique-programme-empowers-girls-fight-gender-inequality-child-marriage UNFPA - Mozambique programme empowers girls to fight gender inequality, child marriage]</ref> For these reasons, it is perhaps most accurate to say that Mozambique faces significant challenges, as related to health care, but it has also seen growth since the 1990s. On a cultural and religious level, the country is also very diverse. The populace is a mix of many religions, including Roman Catholic, Muslim, Protestant, and other religions.<ref name="ciaworldfactbook_mozambique" /> | ODDS - Mozambique’s gains in primary health care]</ref> <ref name="ciaworldfactbook_mozambique">[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mz.html CIA World Factbook - Mozambique]</ref> <ref name="empowergirls_mozambique">[https://www.unfpa.org/news/mozambique-programme-empowers-girls-fight-gender-inequality-child-marriage UNFPA - Mozambique programme empowers girls to fight gender inequality, child marriage]</ref> For these reasons, it is perhaps most accurate to say that Mozambique faces significant challenges, as related to health care, but it has also seen growth since the 1990s. On a cultural and religious level, the country is also very diverse. The populace is a mix of many religions, including Roman Catholic, Muslim, Protestant, and other religions.<ref name="ciaworldfactbook_mozambique" /> | ||
==Contraception (Birth Control)== | ==Contraception (Birth Control)== | ||
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In Mozambique, there are no known travel or residency restrictions for people with HIV/AIDS. This means that you can enter the country, regardless of your HIV status, and you should not be deported if you test positive for HIV while you are in the country.<ref name="hivtravel_mozambique">[http://www.hivtravel.org/Default.aspx?PageId=143&CountryId=127 MOZAMBIQUE - REGULATIONS ON ENTRY, STAY AND RESIDENCE FOR PLHIV]</ref> | In Mozambique, there are no known travel or residency restrictions for people with HIV/AIDS. This means that you can enter the country, regardless of your HIV status, and you should not be deported if you test positive for HIV while you are in the country.<ref name="hivtravel_mozambique">[http://www.hivtravel.org/Default.aspx?PageId=143&CountryId=127 MOZAMBIQUE - REGULATIONS ON ENTRY, STAY AND RESIDENCE FOR PLHIV]</ref> | ||
It is important to understand that Mozambique struggles with an HIV epidemic. As of 2018, about 13% of the population is infected with HIV, and women tend to have higher infection rates than men. In particular, adolescent girls experience higher infection rates than adolescent boys. Many HIV-positive people do not maintain their ART treatment, and Mozambique has a fragile health care system that suffers from insufficient funding, infrastructure, and resources.<ref>[https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1869/HIV-AIDS-PEPFAR_-_Sector_Briefer.pdf CONTROLLING THE HIV/AIDS EPIDEMIC]</ref> However, there is | It is important to understand that Mozambique struggles with an HIV epidemic. As of 2018, about 13% of the population is infected with HIV, and women tend to have higher infection rates than men. In particular, adolescent girls experience higher infection rates than adolescent boys. Many HIV-positive people do not maintain their ART treatment, and Mozambique has a fragile health care system that suffers from insufficient funding, infrastructure, and resources.<ref>[https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1869/HIV-AIDS-PEPFAR_-_Sector_Briefer.pdf CONTROLLING THE HIV/AIDS EPIDEMIC]</ref> However, there is hopeful news related to HIV as well. The overall HIV infection rate decreased between 2000 and 2016, and the HIV-related death rate deceased between 2013 and 2016.<ref>[https://www.who.int/hiv/data/Country_profile_Mozambique.pdf WHO - Mozambique Country Profile, 2016]</ref> | ||
===Testing Facilities=== | ===Testing Facilities=== | ||