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United States of America: Difference between revisions
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added more info to the contraceptive section
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|'''Contraception: Over-the-Counter''' | |'''Contraception: Over-the-Counter''' | ||
|condoms, spermicide | |condoms, spermicide & contraceptive gel, sponge | ||
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|'''Contraception: Prescription required)''' | |'''Contraception: Prescription required)''' | ||
|pills | |pills, injectable, implant, patch, vaginal ring, IUD | ||
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|'''Emergency Contraception''' | |'''Emergency Contraception''' | ||
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'''General Note:''' There are many types of contraceptives, also known as "birth control," including IUDs, oral contraceptives, patches, shots, and condoms, etc. If you would like to view a full list, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control here]. It is recommended that you consult with a health practitioner to determine the best contraceptive choice for you. If you want to find which hormonal contraceptives are available by brand, manufacturer or country, click [http://contraceptive.ippf.org/search here]. | '''General Note:''' There are many types of contraceptives, also known as "birth control," including IUDs, oral contraceptives, patches, shots, and condoms, etc. If you would like to view a full list, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control here]. It is recommended that you consult with a health practitioner to determine the best contraceptive choice for you. If you want to find which hormonal contraceptives are available by brand, manufacturer or country, click [http://contraceptive.ippf.org/search here]. | ||
===Laws & Social Stigmas=== | ===Laws & Social Stigmas=== | ||
Contraceptives (hormonal and non-hormonal) are available in the United States of America, but many forms require a prescription. Generally, condoms and | Contraceptives (hormonal and non-hormonal) are available in the United States of America, but many forms require a prescription. Generally, condoms, spermicide, and the birth control sponge are available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies without a prescription. However, for contraceptive pills, injectables, implants, or IUDs a prescription is usually required. Pills can usually be attained in a drug store or pharmacy after receiving a prescription. IUDs, injectables, or implants usually require that the person comes into a clinic or medical facility to receive the contraception. | ||
===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ||
''No prescription required'' | |||
* '''Condoms''' (external and internal) are available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies (i.e., no prescription is required). External condoms are about 85% effective at preventing pregnancy, if used correctly.<ref name=":0">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/condom</ref> Internal condoms (also called "female condoms") are about 79% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/internal-condom</ref> | |||
* The '''birth control sponge''' is available over-the-counter at drug stores and pharmacies (i.e., no prescription is required). It is about 76-88% effective at prevent pregnancy, if it is used properly. It needs to be inserted before sex. It can be used by itself or with a condom.<ref name=":1">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-sponge</ref> The main brand for brith control sponge that is sold in the United States is [http://www.todaysponge.com/ Today Sponge].<ref name=":1" /> | |||
''Prescription required'' | |||
* '''Birth control pills''' (combination pills and progestin-only pills) are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them. This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. Birth control pills are about 91% effective in preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":2">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-pill</ref> | |||
* '''Birth control rings''' (also known as the "vaginal ring') are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them.<ref name=":3">https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-vaginal-ring-nuvaring</ref> This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. The two main brands available in the US are NuvaRing (which lasts for 5 weeks) and Annovera (which lasts for 1 year, or about 13 cycles).<ref name=":3" /> Birth control rings are 91% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref name=":3" /> | |||
* '''Birth control patches''' (also known as the "transdermal contraceptive patch') are available, but they require a prescription from a medical professional before you can attain them.<ref name=":3" /> This means that you need to visit a medical facility, such as a clinic or doctor's office, and you may need to have a general check-up before you get the prescription. The two main brands available in the US are Xulane patch and the Twirla patch. People typically wear the patch on their belly, butt, or back. Birth control patches are about 91% effective at preventing pregnancy.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-patch/how-do-i-get-birth-control-patch#:~:text=One%20pack%20of%20patches%20can,a%20prescription%20for%20the%20patch.</ref> | |||
===Costs=== | ===Costs=== | ||
* '''Condoms''' cost about $2 per condom in the United States, as of 2022. You can also find nonprofits and organizations that provide free condoms. If you buy condoms by the box, it may be cheaper than buying them individually.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
* The '''birth control sponge''' costs about $15 for a 3-pack, as of 2022.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
* '''Birth control pills''' can range considerably in cost, depending on the pill brand and your insurance coverage (if any). The average price for a 1-month supply of pills is around $50, but you can also sometimes get pills for free.<ref name=":2" /> In terms of the price range, you can expect to pay between $22-$84, roughly speaking.<ref>https://www.goodrx.com/conditions/birth-control/annual-cost-of-birth-control</ref> Some brands, like Sprintec and Enskyce, can run under $30 per 1-month supply. The more expensive brands include Apri ($84 per month) and Drospirenone/Ethinyl Estradiol ($79 per month). | |||
* '''Birth control rings''' vary in cost, depending on the brand and your insurance coverage (if any). For Nuvaring, the cost is about $200 per 1-month ring (without insurance coverage).<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">https://modernfertility.com/blog/vaginal-ring-side-effects-effectiveness-and-cost/</ref> For Annovera, the cost is about $2,098 per 1-year ring (without insurance coverage).<ref name=":4" /> If you have insurance, the prices can be considerably cheaper. You can also get birth control rings for free at some places.<ref name=":3" /> | |||
* '''Birth control patches''' vary in cost, depending on the brand and your insurance coverage (if any). If you don't have insurance coverage, you can expect to pay around $55 per month,<ref>https://www.bedsider.org/questions/2112-how-much-does-the-patch-cost</ref> but costs can be higher. Generally, a 3-pack of the patch (which usually lasts for 1 month) ranges in price from $0-150. If you have health insurance or quality for a government health program, the patch is often free.<ref>https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-patch/how-do-i-get-birth-control-patch#:~:text=One%20pack%20of%20patches%20can,a%20prescription%20for%20the%20patch.</ref> | |||
==Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)== | ==Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)== | ||
'''Important Notes:''' Emergency contraception may prevent pregnancy for three days (72 hours) and sometimes five days (120 hours) after unprotected sex. Take EC '''as soon as possible''' after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy. If you don't have access to dedicated EC, oral contraceptives can be used as replacement EC, but remember the following: 1) Only some contraceptives work as EC 2) Different contraceptives require different dosages and time schedules to work as EC 3) For combined pills, you must only use the first 21 pills in 28-day packs and 4) They may be less effective than dedicated EC. For general information on emergency contraceptives, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/morning-after-pill-emergency-contraception here] and [http://ec.princeton.edu/info/ecp.html here]. | '''Important Notes:''' Emergency contraception may prevent pregnancy for three days (72 hours) and sometimes five days (120 hours) after unprotected sex. Take EC '''as soon as possible''' after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy. If you don't have access to dedicated EC, oral contraceptives can be used as replacement EC, but remember the following: 1) Only some contraceptives work as EC 2) Different contraceptives require different dosages and time schedules to work as EC 3) For combined pills, you must only use the first 21 pills in 28-day packs and 4) They may be less effective than dedicated EC. For general information on emergency contraceptives, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/morning-after-pill-emergency-contraception here] and [http://ec.princeton.edu/info/ecp.html here]. | ||