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Hanoi: Difference between revisions
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===Laws & Social Stigmas=== | ===Laws & Social Stigmas=== | ||
Note: "There is a decree requiring HIV positives to report to the immigration officer. However, the ordinance is not applied. None of my friends have ever declared their condition. Therefore, we don't know what would happen if somebody would actually do it!"<ref>[http://www.hivtravel.org/Default.aspx?PageId=143&CountryCode=VN VIETNAM - REGULATIONS ON ENTRY, STAY AND RESIDENCE FOR PLHIV]</ref> | '''Note''': "There is a decree requiring HIV positives to report to the immigration officer. However, the ordinance is not applied. None of my friends have ever declared their condition. Therefore, we don't know what would happen if somebody would actually do it!"<ref>[http://www.hivtravel.org/Default.aspx?PageId=143&CountryCode=VN VIETNAM - REGULATIONS ON ENTRY, STAY AND RESIDENCE FOR PLHIV]</ref> | ||
There are no known travel restrictions or requirements attached to any STI, including HIV, in Vietnam. For foreigners seeking work, especially teaching, there are some reports of schools asking for health checks (especially agencies that recruit from public ones). However, health checks are not required by authorities in order to receive a work permit. | There are no known travel restrictions or requirements attached to any STI, including HIV, in Vietnam. For foreigners seeking work, especially teaching, there are some reports of schools asking for health checks (especially agencies that recruit from public ones). However, health checks are not required by authorities in order to receive a work permit. | ||
Today, there is no conclusive data on STI rate in Vietnam, with estimated infection rates ranging from 300,000 to 2 million annually.<ref>[http://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/plastic-bag-is-the-new-condom-vietnamese-injured-after-strange-safe-sex-practice-3468256.html Plastic bag is the new condom? Vietnamese injured after strange safe sex practice]</ref> | |||
In Vietnam, HIV testing began in 1988.<ref>[https://ethnomed.org/clinical/communicable-diseases/hiv-std-infection HIV/STD Infection in Vietnamese and Vietnamese Americans]</ref> The first reported positive result came in 1990. Throughout the 1990s, HIV rates began to raise. Although infection rates in Vietnam were low overall, the female sex worker (FSW) and injection drug user (IDU) communities began to experience substantially increased infection rates. In 2002, a study of 400 female sex workers (FSW) in Hanoi found that 12% were HIV+ and 17% were infected syphilis, 3.8% with chlamydia and 6.3% with gonorrhea. The study concluded: "Vietnam is in a critical period. HIV is spreading rapidly among the risk groups, but the country can prevent a widespread epidemic if it acts quickly. The country must take the opportunity to act wisely and to make sound decisions. Strategies to reduce HIV in FSWs should include reduction of stigmatization, reduction of sharing drug paraphernalia, promotion of nonstigmatizing voluntary counseling and testing, and aggressive marketing and promotion of condoms. To achieve these goals, the government should adopt a multisectoral response that includes other government agencies, nongovernment organizations, and the vulnerable populations."<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908502/ HIV Infection and Risk Characteristics Among Female Sex Workers in Hanoi, Vietnam]</ref> | In Vietnam, HIV testing began in 1988.<ref>[https://ethnomed.org/clinical/communicable-diseases/hiv-std-infection HIV/STD Infection in Vietnamese and Vietnamese Americans]</ref> The first reported positive result came in 1990. Throughout the 1990s, HIV rates began to raise. Although infection rates in Vietnam were low overall, the female sex worker (FSW) and injection drug user (IDU) communities began to experience substantially increased infection rates. In 2002, a study of 400 female sex workers (FSW) in Hanoi found that 12% were HIV+ and 17% were infected syphilis, 3.8% with chlamydia and 6.3% with gonorrhea. The study concluded: "Vietnam is in a critical period. HIV is spreading rapidly among the risk groups, but the country can prevent a widespread epidemic if it acts quickly. The country must take the opportunity to act wisely and to make sound decisions. Strategies to reduce HIV in FSWs should include reduction of stigmatization, reduction of sharing drug paraphernalia, promotion of nonstigmatizing voluntary counseling and testing, and aggressive marketing and promotion of condoms. To achieve these goals, the government should adopt a multisectoral response that includes other government agencies, nongovernment organizations, and the vulnerable populations."<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2908502/ HIV Infection and Risk Characteristics Among Female Sex Workers in Hanoi, Vietnam]</ref> | ||
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===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ||
Regarding HPV, Vietnam has a vaccination pilot program in place. | |||
There is no PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) in Vietnam. The closest country that appears to have this is [[Thailand]]. | |||
There seems to be PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) in Vietnam: According to UNAIDS: " In such cases, there is PEP at some private clinics if the person can afford, such as the Family Medical Practice clinics in Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City."<ref>[http://unaids.org.vn/en/frequently-asked-questions/ Frequently Asked Questions: Vietnam]</ref> Furthermore, "Mylan Pharmaceuticals donated a supply of tenofovir/emtricitabine tablets to provide free post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) after high-risk sexual exposure to HIV in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City."<ref>[http://carmah.vn/partners.html Carmah]</ref> | |||
====Testing Facilities==== | ====Testing Facilities==== | ||