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Shanghai: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg.png|400px | thumb|right|]]
{{setLocation
|Country=China
|State=East China
|City=Shanghai
}}
 
[[File:6166346625 450b4f3ef0 b-1.jpg|512px | thumb|right|]]




'''OVERVIEW'''  
'''OVERVIEW'''  


The People's Republic of China has an incredibly array of health care options. Generally speaking, China has abundant private and public health care options. Contraceptives are available without a prescription, though foreign pills are limited to four main brands. Emergency contraceptives are also available without a prescription, practically all of which are Chinese brands, so you won't be able to find ellaOne in pharmacies. STI/STD tests are common and, if you are a foreign worker seeking a visa, they are required. Abortion is incredibly common in China, as well, which is considered the "abortion capital of the world," and it's legally permitted for up to 6 months of gestation. In China, the public hospitals are the cheapest options. But they may be more inefficient and rudimentary in terms of services and facilities, and English-speaking may be limited. The private hospitals will, of course, cost more. But they may provide a more useful service to foreign visitors if they do not speak any Chinese.
As one of the largest cities in the world, Shanghai has abundant private and public health care options. Contraceptives are available without a prescription, though foreign pills are limited to four main brands. Emergency contraceptives are also available without a prescription, practically all of which are Chinese brands, so you won't be able to find ellaOne in pharmacies. STI/STD tests are common and, if you are a foreign worker seeking a visa, they are required. Abortion is incredibly common in China, as well, which is considered the "abortion capital of the world," and it's legally permitted for up to 6 months of gestation.  


Regarding Hong Kong: Please check out our [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]] pages. Policies in these territories are different than from mainland China.
In China, the public hospitals are the cheapest options. But they may be more inefficient and rudimentary in terms of services and facilities, and English-speaking may be limited. The private hospitals will, of course, cost more. But they may provide a more useful service to foreign visitors if they do not speak any Chinese.


==Contraception (Birth Control)==
==Contraception==


'''General Note:''' There are many types of contraceptives, also known as "birth control," including IUDs, oral contraceptives, patches, shots, and condoms, etc. If you would like to view a full list, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control here].
'''General Note:''' There are many types of contraceptives, also known as "birth control," including IUDs, oral contraceptives, patches, shots, and condoms, etc. If you would like to view a full list, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control here].
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===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===


Contraception, also known as "birth control," is legal and widely available in China. No prescription is needed and there are no known age restrictions. It is estimated that 84.6% of Chinese women in marriages or in unions use some form of contraceptive, with 39.6% using IUDs, 33% using female sterilization, 4.3% using condoms and 1.7% using the pill. It was also found that 6.9% used male sterilization.<ref>[http://www.uschina.usc.edu/w_usct/showarticle.aspx?articleID=18021&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1 Contraceptive Use In China]</ref> Furthermore, China appears to use more condoms than any other country in the world.<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?mid=1CHn6J3MIZbMD2fHhX-gt3n9wOA4&hl=en_US Most Prevalent Condom Use Around the World]</ref> Due to the One-Child Policy, contraceptives have been strongly encouraged by the government for decades, so there is practically no social stigma regarding its use for married couples. Premarital sex has been a social taboo for decades. Yet social views are progressively changing, especially for younger generations. At family planning offices, women receive free contraception and prenatal classes.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-child_policy Wikipedia: One Child Policy]</ref>
Contraception is legal and widely available in China. No prescription is needed and there are no known age restrictions. It is estimated that 84.6% of Chinese women in marriages or in unions use some form of contraceptive, with 39.6% using IUDs, 33% using female sterilization, 4.3% using condoms and 1.7% using the pill. It was also found that 6.9% used male sterilization.<ref>[http://www.uschina.usc.edu/w_usct/showarticle.aspx?articleID=18021&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1 Contraceptive Use In China]</ref> Furthermore, China appears to use more condoms than any other country in the world.<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?mid=1CHn6J3MIZbMD2fHhX-gt3n9wOA4&hl=en_US Most Prevalent Condom Use Around the World]</ref> Due to the One-Child Policy, contraceptives have been strongly encouraged by the government for decades, so there is practically no social stigma regarding its use for married couples. Premarital sex has been a social taboo for decades. Yet social views are progressively changing, especially for younger generations. At family planning offices, women receive free contraception and prenatal classes.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-child_policy Wikipedia: One Child Policy]</ref>


As reported by US China Daily, "'For young people, they are not covered by the family planning program because they are not married, so they fall through the cracks in terms of sex education and contraceptive access,' says Joan Kaufman, Distinguished Scientist at the Schneider Institutes for Health Policy at Brandeis University. 'They can certainly purchase birth control at drug stores, but it is harder for them access services from China’s free family planning program.'"<ref>[http://www.uschina.usc.edu/w_usct/showarticle.aspx?articleID=18021&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1 Contraceptive Use In China]</ref>
As reported by US China Daily, "'For young people, they are not covered by the family planning program because they are not married, so they fall through the cracks in terms of sex education and contraceptive access,' says Joan Kaufman, Distinguished Scientist at the Schneider Institutes for Health Policy at Brandeis University. 'They can certainly purchase birth control at drug stores, but it is harder for them access services from China’s free family planning program.'"<ref>[http://www.uschina.usc.edu/w_usct/showarticle.aspx?articleID=18021&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1 Contraceptive Use In China]</ref>
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If you are interested in getting an IUD in China, here's a [http://www.smartshanghai.com/articles/wellbeing/getting-an-iud-in-shanghai personal account] of the experience. This woman got her IUD at Xinhua Hospital (insertions are done on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday at 1pm, as of September 2014). For additional recommendations for clinics to fit the IUD, check out the "Gynecological Exams" section.
If you are interested in getting an IUD in China, here's a [http://www.smartshanghai.com/articles/wellbeing/getting-an-iud-in-shanghai personal account] of the experience. This woman got her IUD at Xinhua Hospital (insertions are done on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday at 1pm, as of September 2014). For additional recommendations for clinics to fit the IUD, check out the "Gynecological Exams" section.


'''Warning''': Some pharmacies in China have reportedly sold fake pills. So, if possible, try to purchase from a larger, well-known pharmacy.
While there are many pharmacies in Shanghai, here are some major and trusted pharmacies:
 
* Shanghai Huashi Pharmacy 上海华氏药房
* Shanghai Guoda Pharmacy Chain 国大药房
* Shanghai Lianhua Fosun Pharmacy 上海联华复星药房
* [http://www.parkwayhealth.cn/ Parkway Health]: "carries the Big Four over at its pharmacies, but you’ll need to set up a consultation with a doctor before you can buy it there. A pharmacist here explained to me that the pills they carry are manufactured in this country by Bayer (Germany) and Merck (United States)."<ref>[http://www.smartshanghai.com/articles/wellbeing/rx-buying-birth-control-pills SmartShanghai: RX: Buying Birth Control Pills]</ref>
* [http://shanghai.ufh.com.cn/department_city/pharmacy United Family]: "carries them too, though their pharmacist tells us that the versions they have are imported, so they’re a bit more costly: Diane-35 (150rmb), Yasmin (231rmb), Marvelon 63rmb), Mercilon (108rmb) and Postinor (81rmb). They also have a triphasic offering too, locally-made: 左炔诺孕酮炔雌醇(三相)片 —it translates directly as “levonorgestrel ethinylestradiol (three phase)—at 100rmb a box. Again, if you want to get your pills here, then you’ll need a prescription after meeting with one of United’s doctors for a consultation."
 
'''Warning''': Some pharmacies in Shanghai have reportedly sold fake pills. So, if possible, try to purchase from a larger, well-known pharmacy.


===Costs===
===Costs===
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In 2015, here were the prices for some birth control pills: Diane-35 (69rmb), Yasmin (138rmb), Marvelon (23rmb) and Mercilon (68rmb).
In 2015, here were the prices for some birth control pills: Diane-35 (69rmb), Yasmin (138rmb), Marvelon (23rmb) and Mercilon (68rmb).


==Emergency Contraception (Morning After Pill)==
==Emergency Contraception==


'''Important Notes:''' Emergency contraception may prevent pregnancy for three days (72 hours) and sometimes five days (120 hours) after unprotected sex. Take EC '''as soon as possible''' after unprotected sex. If you don't have access to dedicated EC, oral contraceptives can be used as replacement EC, but remember the following: 1) Only some contraceptives work as EC 2) Different contraceptives require different dosages and time schedules to work as EC 3) You must only use the first 21 pills in 28-day packs and 4) They may be less effective than dedicated EC. For general information on emergency contraceptives, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/morning-after-pill-emergency-contraception here] and [http://ec.princeton.edu/info/ecp.html here].
'''Important Notes:''' Emergency contraception may prevent pregnancy for three days (72 hours) and sometimes five days (120 hours) after unprotected sex. Take EC '''as soon as possible''' after unprotected sex. If you don't have access to dedicated EC, oral contraceptives can be used as replacement EC, but remember the following: 1) Only some contraceptives work as EC 2) Different contraceptives require different dosages and time schedules to work as EC 3) You must only use the first 21 pills in 28-day packs and 4) They may be less effective than dedicated EC. For general information on emergency contraceptives, click [https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/morning-after-pill-emergency-contraception here] and [http://ec.princeton.edu/info/ecp.html here].
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====Testing Facilities====
====Testing Facilities====


*You'll typically pay a fee for a bundle of STD tests at public Chinese clinics. But you'll be charged an extra fee if you also want an HPV test.
Note: You'll typically pay a fee for a bundle of STD tests at public Chinese clinics. But you'll be charged an extra fee if you also want an HPV test.
* For specific testing centers, please visit our city pages, such as the [[Shanghai]] page.
 
* [http://www.shskin.com Shanghai Skin Disease & STD Clinic (上海市皮肤病性病医院)]: This clinic is in a Chinese public hospital so prices are lower. Tests for chlamydia, hepatitis B, HIV, syphilis. Read an account [http://www.smartshanghai.com/articles/wellbeing/burning-questions-how-to-get-an-std-test here ], [http://www.shanghaiexpat.com/phpbbforum/std-testing-t108053.html here] and [http://madshanghai.com/getting-and-std-check-in-shanghai/ here] about getting tested at the clinic. Tests range from 400-500rmb with an 18rmb registration fee. Address: 196 Wuyi Lu, near Anxi Lu, 武夷路196号, 近安西路 PHONE: 6183 3107 AREA: METRO: 20 mins walk from Jiangsu Rd. Hours: Monday-Saturday, Morning Hours, Registration: 7:30-11am, Treatment Hours: 8am-Midday. Afternoon Hours: Registration: 12:30-4:15pm, Treatment Hours: 1:30-5pm.
* Huashan Hospital (华山医院): This is another public hospital where you can be tested at a cheaper rate. Tests for chlamydia, hepatitis B, herpes, gonorrhea, syphilis, HIV. Costs are about 452.50RMB, includes a registration fee of 15.50RMB (2012). Note that there are some English-speaking doctors on staff but you'll get  your test results in Chinese. Click [http://www.timeoutshanghai.com/features/Health__Wellness/8044/Shanghai-sexual-health-guide-part-two.html here] for personal testimonial.
* Shanghai People's Number One Hospital: Tests for chlamydia, hepatitis B, gonorrhea, syphilis, HIV. Costs 285.50RMB, includes a registration fee of 15.50RMB.  Click [http://www.timeoutshanghai.com/features/Health__Wellness/8044/Shanghai-sexual-health-guide-part-two.html here] for personal testimonial.
* [http://www.sinoaid.cn/shanghai-stds-testing.html  Sino-Aid]: "is where you can have sexual health check ups, included HIV and STD (Sexually Transmitted Diseases) testing. In our STDs Testing Center you should be seen anonymously if you want to be. Our STDs Center is located in both Pudong and Puxi area of Shanghai. You may need to make an appointment with us @ 021 - 5108 2260 or send your requires to info@sinoaid.cn."
* [http://www.worldpathclinic.com WorldPath]: 1,000RMB/ consultation; 800RMB/smear test; 1,200RMB/ HPV test. Address: 399 Nanquan Bei Lu, near Century Avenue, Pudong (2020 7888). Open 9am- 8pm Mon-Fri; 9am-5.30pm Sat- Sun.
* [http://www.parkwayhealth.cn/ Parkway Health]: Tests for syphilis, gonorrhea, HIV and HPV. RMB1,300/consultation, RMB226/syphilis, RMB300/gonorrhea, RMB286/HIV, RMB1,060/HPV. Staff speak English, Spanish and French, depending on location.
* [http://www.shanghai.ufh.com.cn/ United Family Hospital]: Staff speak English, Japanese, German, Portuguese and French, depending on locationIt. Costs vary but can be up to 1000 RMB for a consultation,RMB400-500/chlamydia; RMB300/syphilis; RMB300-400/gonnoreah; RMB600/HIV; RMB100/hepatitis B; RMB800/herpes (2013).<ref>[http://www.cityweekend.com.cn/shanghai/article/guide-to-sti-testing-shanghai%E2%80%99s-hospitals A Guide to STI Testing at Shanghai’s Hospitals]</ref>
[http://en.renai.cn/news/122.html  Ren'ai Hospital VIP ward]: "Renai hospital is a member hospital of Bo Ai medical group... the largest privately-owned Chinese healthcare group with 26 medical facilities across Chinese mainland... Renai hospital is the first private hospital, established in Shanghai in 2001. Renai pioneered the introduction of personalized care to healthcare service sector... The Renai International Medical Center, offers direct billing services with international and local insurance companies for policy holders. It is located in the bustling city center, Xu Jia Hui area, where there is convenient transportation from every corner of Shanghai." Appointment Center : (8621)54893781 Appointment Center : 64688888-801/810, 24hr ER Hotline : 15021633821, Address: No.127, Caoxi Rd. Xuhui District. Shanghai 200235 P.R.C
* [http://www.www.sithc.com Shanghai International Travel Healthcare Center]: This is for foreigners. Address: 15 Jinbang Lu, Changning district. Contact: 021-6268-6171 (main line); 021-6268-8851 (physical examination for foreigners); 021-6268-5072 (vaccination for foreigners); fax: 021-6268-3088. Hours: No specific hours; make an appointment first., Fees: 640 yuan; 470 yuan (students). Additional fees, such as delivery fees, may apply.


====Support====
====Support====
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===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===


While you'll find many medications in China, overseas prescriptions are typically not valid. Also, hospital pharmacies only accept prescriptions from their own doctors. China has strict laws regarding medicine imports, as well, which makes foreign/western medicines rather expensive. In the past, it was reportedly very common buy antibiotics at Chinese pharmacies with no prescription, though is increasingly less common. If you don't speak Chinese, be sure to bring a Chinese translation of the medicine you want, as the specific brand may not be available in China. For a list of recommended pharmacies, check out the "Contraception" section.
While you'll find many medications in Shanghai, overseas prescriptions are typically not valid. Also, hospital pharmacies only accept prescriptions from their own doctors. China has strict laws regarding medicine imports, as well, which makes foreign/western medicines rather expensive. In the past, it was reportedly very common buy antibiotics at Chinese pharmacies with no prescription, though is increasingly less common. If you don't speak Chinese, be sure to bring a Chinese translation of the medicine you want, as the specific brand may not be available in China. For a list of recommended pharmacies, check out the "Contraception" section.


If you are interested to learn more about pharmacies in China, here's an [http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/career/2013/pharmacycareers_fall2013/worlds-apart-health-care-and-pharmacy-in-china account written by a pharmacy student], visiting China from the United States.
If you are interested to learn more about pharmacies in China, here's an [http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/career/2013/pharmacycareers_fall2013/worlds-apart-health-care-and-pharmacy-in-china account written by a pharmacy student], visiting China from the United States.
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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===
Check out this article on [http://www.healthandsafetyinshanghai.com/shanghai-hospital.html Shanghai hospital tips].
====International Clinics====
* Global Healthcare, 1515 Nanjing Xi Lu, near Tongren Lu. If you want an IUD, up to 5,000RMB (depending on type of coil) plus 1,100RMB consultation fee; fitting carried out at a local referral hospital such as Renji, accompanied by an English-speaking nurse.See full address details.
* Parkway Health, 88 Century Avenue, near Dongtai Lu. If you want an IUD, between 7,300-9,300RMB, depending on type of coil fitted (includes consultation fee).See full address details.
* WorldPath Clinic International, 717 Nanquan Bei Lu, near Century Avenue. If you want an IUD, approx 6,000RMB (includes consultation fee). See full address details.
* International SOS clinic: Unit 1801 & 1804-1806, Tower B, Baoland Plaza, 588 Dalian Road, Yang Pu District, Shanghai, P.R. China 200082, Tel: +86 (0)21 5298 9538


====Local Clinics====
====Local Clinics====
* Shanghai People's Liberation Army No. 411,  15 Jiangwen Dong Lu, near Duolun Lu. If you want an IUD, 110RMB.
* Shanghai Family Planning Research Institute Hospital,2120 Xietu Lu, near Wanping Nan Lu. If you want an IUD, 200-500RMB(depending on whether a preliminary examination is required) See full address details.
* Shanghai People's Liberation Army No. 85 Hospital 1328 Huashan Lu, near Jiangsu Lu.270RMB.<ref>[http://www.timeoutshanghai.com/features/Health__Wellness/7573/A-guide-to-sexual-health-in-Shanghai.html A guide to sexual health in Shanghai]</ref>


===Costs===
===Costs===
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===Laws & Social Stigmas===
===Laws & Social Stigmas===
For decades, China had the "One Child Policy" in place. However, citizens who were ethnically non-Han Chinese, or if they were sole children (and lived in certain provinces), or if they lived in certain rural areas, did not need to follow the policy. There were certainly many reported negative effects of this policy, including the gender disparity in births and preference of boys over girls, the difficulty in adoption, unregistered children, birth tourism, and the overall secrecy and financial difficulty suffered by families who had more than one child, among many other issues. However, the policy also helped improve the quality of life for many women in Chinese society, as well, many of whom held a lower status in the household and were unable to seek educational and work opportunities due to the pressure to bear and support many children.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-child_policy Wikipedia: One-child policy]</ref>
When the policy was abolished in 2015, China did so because "they have too many men, too many old people, and too few young people. They have this huge crushing demographic crisis as a result of the one-child policy. And if people don’t start having more children, they’re going to have a vastly diminished workforce to support a huge aging population."<ref>[http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/10/151030-china-one-child-policy-mei-fong/ How China’s One-Child Policy Backfired Disastrously]</ref>


===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===
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===What to Get & Where to Get It===
===What to Get & Where to Get It===
See recommended hospitals/clinics under our 'Sexually Transmitted Infections' and 'Gynecological Exams' sections.


===Costs===
===Costs===
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