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Since gaining independence in 1966, Botswana has experienced steady economic growth, largely due to its prosperous diamond industry. Consequently, the country has seen an expansion of its health care resources, including family planning methods. In 1984, family planning services began to be included in nearly all health facilities and, in 1989, the family planning logistics manual (contraceptive commodities and drugs) was developed. While only 16% of women in Botswana used any form of contraception in 1974, the rate increased to 40% by 1996 and 51% by 2007. Meanwhile, the use of traditional methods, such withdrawal or the rhythm method, decreased from 7.5% in 1984 to 2.6% in 2007. In 2015, it was found that 56.3% of women in Botswana (who were of reproductive age and married/in unions) used some form of contraception, and 16.8% of women had unmet family planning needs. The most common forms of contraception were found to be male condoms (35.8%), contraceptive injectables (7.3%), birth control pills (6.5%) and female sterilization (2.2%). Traditional methods, like the rhythm methods (1.1%) and withdrawal (0.4%), were not common. There were also low usage rates of IUDs (0.9%), vaginal barrier methods (0.6%) and implants (0.5%).<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/trendsContraceptiveUse2015Report.pdf Trends in | Since gaining independence in 1966, Botswana has experienced steady economic growth, largely due to its prosperous diamond industry. Consequently, the country has seen an expansion of its health care resources, including family planning methods. In 1984, family planning services began to be included in nearly all health facilities and, in 1989, the family planning logistics manual (contraceptive commodities and drugs) was developed. While only 16% of women in Botswana used any form of contraception in 1974, the rate increased to 40% by 1996 and 51% by 2007. Meanwhile, the use of traditional methods, such withdrawal or the rhythm method, decreased from 7.5% in 1984 to 2.6% in 2007. In 2015, it was found that 56.3% of women in Botswana (who were of reproductive age and married/in unions) used some form of contraception, and 16.8% of women had unmet family planning needs. The most common forms of contraception were found to be male condoms (35.8%), contraceptive injectables (7.3%), birth control pills (6.5%) and female sterilization (2.2%). Traditional methods, like the rhythm methods (1.1%) and withdrawal (0.4%), were not common. There were also low usage rates of IUDs (0.9%), vaginal barrier methods (0.6%) and implants (0.5%).<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/trendsContraceptiveUse2015Report.pdf Trends in | ||
Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015]</ref> In 2016, two new contraceptive implants (Jadelle and Nexplanon) and the contraceptive ring (Nuvaring) were | Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015]</ref> In 2016, two new contraceptive implants (Jadelle and Nexplanon) and the contraceptive ring (Nuvaring) were introduced into the Botswanan health market,<ref>[http://www.botswanayouth.com/ministry-of-health-introduces-2-new-contraceptives/ MINISTRY OF HEALTH INTRODUCES 2 NEW CONTRACEPTIVES]</ref> and health care providers were trained in their usage by the UNFPA. For this reason, there may be wider usage of contraceptive implants and rings than recorded in previous data. | ||
As contraceptive methods have improved in Botswana, the fertility rate has declined. In 2017, the fertility rate in Botswana was 2.56 children born per woman. This was noticeably lower than fertility rates in 2000 (3.8 children per woman)<ref>[https://www.indexmundi.com/g/g.aspx?c=bc&v=31 Fertility Rates, Botswana]</ref> and especially since 1981 (7.1 births per woman),<ref>[http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPRH/Resources/376374-1282255445143/Botswana52411web.pdf Reproductive Health at a Glance: Botswana]</ref> indicating that women are gradually having less children and being exposed to more effective contraceptive methods. The lowest fertility rates are found in women who live in city or town areas and have a secondary or university education. | As contraceptive methods have improved in Botswana, the fertility rate has declined. In 2017, the fertility rate in Botswana was 2.56 children born per woman. This was noticeably lower than fertility rates in 2000 (3.8 children per woman)<ref>[https://www.indexmundi.com/g/g.aspx?c=bc&v=31 Fertility Rates, Botswana]</ref> and especially since 1981 (7.1 births per woman),<ref>[http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPRH/Resources/376374-1282255445143/Botswana52411web.pdf Reproductive Health at a Glance: Botswana]</ref> indicating that women are gradually having less children and being exposed to more effective contraceptive methods. The lowest fertility rates are found in women who live in city or town areas and have a secondary or university education. | ||