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'''OVERVIEW''' | '''OVERVIEW''' | ||
Generally speaking, Mozambique is a country in transition. The majority of the country is poor, with a high fertility rate and infant mortality rate. Women tend to marry young, including child marriage and teen marriage, with low rates of contraceptive use. The country struggles with issues related to gender inequality and HIV transmission rates as well. However, Mozambique is a young country, with over 60% younger than 25 years old, and there are initiatives to improve sexual and reproductive health care. The populace is a mix of many religions, including Roman Catholic, Muslim, Protestant, and other religions.<ref>[https://www. | Generally speaking, Mozambique is a country in transition. The majority of the country is poor, with a high fertility rate and infant mortality rate. Women tend to marry young, including child marriage and teen marriage, with low rates of contraceptive use. The country struggles with issues related to gender inequality and HIV transmission rates as well. However, Mozambique is a young country, with over 60% younger than 25 years old, and there are initiatives to improve sexual and reproductive health care. The populace is a mix of many religions, including Roman Catholic, Muslim, Protestant, and other religions.<ref name="ciaworldfactbook_mozambique">[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mz.html CIA World Factbook - Mozambique]</ref> <ref name="empowergirls_mozambique">[https://www.unfpa.org/news/mozambique-programme-empowers-girls-fight-gender-inequality-child-marriage UNFPA - Mozambique programme empowers girls to fight gender inequality, child marriage]</ref> | ||
==Contraception (Birth Control)== | ==Contraception (Birth Control)== | ||
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In Mozambique, you can purchase condoms and birth control pills at pharmacies without a prescription. While you may technically need a prescription for birth control pills, this is not typically enforced, and birth control pills are available over-the-counter.<ref>[http://ocsotc.org/wp-content/uploads/worldmap/worldmap.html Global Oral Contraception Availability]</ref> <ref>[http://freethepill.org/where-on-earth/ Free the Pill: Where on Earth?]</ref> However, for other forms of contraception, such as implants, injectables, and IUDs, you may need to directly visit a hospital or clinic to obtain them. | In Mozambique, you can purchase condoms and birth control pills at pharmacies without a prescription. While you may technically need a prescription for birth control pills, this is not typically enforced, and birth control pills are available over-the-counter.<ref>[http://ocsotc.org/wp-content/uploads/worldmap/worldmap.html Global Oral Contraception Availability]</ref> <ref>[http://freethepill.org/where-on-earth/ Free the Pill: Where on Earth?]</ref> However, for other forms of contraception, such as implants, injectables, and IUDs, you may need to directly visit a hospital or clinic to obtain them. | ||
According to a 2015 UN report, it was estimated that about 18% of women (who were married/in unions and between ages 15 to 49) were using any form of contraception in Mozambique. This is lower than the Eastern African average, where about 40% of women use any form of contraception, including traditional methods. Furthermore, about 28% of women have unmet family planning needs, which was a bit lower than the Eastern African average (about 24% of women had unmet family planning needs). The most common forms of contraception were contraceptive injectables (about 7% of women) and birth control pills (about 6%) of women. There were very low rates of usage for other forms of contraception, including condoms (about 2%), female sterilization (0.3%), the rhythm method (0.3%), withdrawal (0.3%), and IUDs (0.1%). There were practically no users of contraceptive implants or vaginal barrier methods.<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/trendsContraceptiveUse2015Report.pdf Trends in Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015]</ref> | Women in Mozambique tend to be marry young and have many children. Among 20 to 24 years old, 48% of women (between the ages of 20 to 24) were married before reaching 18 years old.<ref name="empowergirls_mozambique" /> In addition, contraceptives are not commonly used, and women have a high fertility rate (5.02 children born/woman in 2018), making Mozambique the country with the 12th highest fertility rate in the world.<ref name=""ciaworldfactbook_mozambique"" /> According to a 2015 UN report, it was estimated that about 18% of women (who were married/in unions and between ages 15 to 49) were using any form of contraception in Mozambique. This is lower than the Eastern African average, where about 40% of women use any form of contraception, including traditional methods. Furthermore, about 28% of women have unmet family planning needs, which was a bit lower than the Eastern African average (about 24% of women had unmet family planning needs). The most common forms of contraception were contraceptive injectables (about 7% of women) and birth control pills (about 6%) of women. There were very low rates of usage for other forms of contraception, including condoms (about 2%), female sterilization (0.3%), the rhythm method (0.3%), withdrawal (0.3%), and IUDs (0.1%). There were practically no users of contraceptive implants or vaginal barrier methods.<ref>[http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/trendsContraceptiveUse2015Report.pdf Trends in Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015]</ref> | ||
===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ===What to Get & Where to Get It=== | ||
===Costs=== | ===Costs=== | ||
The cost of a Mirena IUD is 30 000 MZN (440$ USD equivalent) but the copper IUD is also available for about 10$ USD, as of 2017. Condoms (preservatives) are widely available in pharmacies and supermarket at a very low cost. | The cost of a Mirena IUD is 30 000 MZN (440$ USD equivalent) but the copper IUD is also available for about 10$ USD, as of 2017. Condoms (preservatives) are widely available in pharmacies and supermarket at a very low cost. | ||