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Khartoum: Difference between revisions
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The overall rate of modern contraceptive methods in Sudan remains low. While it has certainly increased in the last few decades— jumping from 4% in the late 1970s to 9% in 2012,<ref name="guardian_sudanFGM">[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/feb/15/fgm-sudan-female-genital-mutilation-spreading FGM spreading to minority groups in Sudan, say campaigners]</ref> and a little under 10% by 2019— the rate of adoption has been very slow, especially in rural areas. This can be partially attributed to lack of education regarding modern contraceptive methods and, for rural women, increased difficulty in obtaining contraception. Furthermore, religion, cultural taboos and traditional gender roles can play a large part in women's decision-making. Sudan is a primarily Muslim country (estimated at 97% Muslim), and many women are heavily influenced by their husbands, religious clerics, or local communities. It's also important to remember that, in Sudan, about 87%-90% of women have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM).<ref name="guardian_sudanFGM" /> | The overall rate of modern contraceptive methods in Sudan remains low. While it has certainly increased in the last few decades— jumping from 4% in the late 1970s to 9% in 2012,<ref name="guardian_sudanFGM">[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/feb/15/fgm-sudan-female-genital-mutilation-spreading FGM spreading to minority groups in Sudan, say campaigners]</ref> and a little under 10% by 2019— the rate of adoption has been very slow, especially in rural areas. This can be partially attributed to lack of education regarding modern contraceptive methods and, for rural women, increased difficulty in obtaining contraception. Furthermore, religion, cultural taboos and traditional gender roles can play a large part in women's decision-making. Sudan is a primarily Muslim country (estimated at 97% Muslim), and many women are heavily influenced by their husbands, religious clerics, or local communities. It's also important to remember that, in Sudan, about 87%-90% of women have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM).<ref name="guardian_sudanFGM" /> | ||
In 2014, the most common forms of contraception among Sudanese women (who were married/in unions and between 15-45 years old) were pills (7% of women) and injectables (about 1% of women). Less than 1% of women used IUDs and implants. Condoms were very uncommonly used. Traditional methods were also not very common, with less than 1% of women using the rhythm method or other traditional methods.<ref name=un2019_sudan>[https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/ContraceptiveUseByMethodDataBooklet2019.pdf United Nations: Contraceptive Use By Method DataBooklet 2019]</ref> These numbers are generally consistent with findings in a 2007 study, which found that most women in Sudan used the pill, IUD, and injectables, with very low usage of condoms. Some traditional methods, including rhythm, withdrawal, and breastfeeding were also used by women in 2007. | In 2014, the most common forms of contraception among Sudanese women (who were married/in unions and between 15-45 years old) were pills (7% of women) and injectables (about 1% of women). Less than 1% of women used IUDs and implants. Condoms were very uncommonly used. Traditional methods were also not very common, with less than 1% of women using the rhythm method or other traditional methods.<ref name=un2019_sudan>[https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/family/ContraceptiveUseByMethodDataBooklet2019.pdf United Nations: Contraceptive Use By Method DataBooklet 2019]</ref> These numbers are generally consistent with findings in a 2007 study, which found that most women in Sudan (who used modern contraceptive methods) used the pill, IUD, and injectables, with very low usage of condoms. Some traditional methods, including rhythm, withdrawal, and breastfeeding were also used by women in 2007. | ||
The history of modern family planning in Sudan goes back to 1965, when the Sunday Family Planning Association was founded. This was followed by the establishment of the Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Project by the Ministry of Health in 1975. Later, in 1985, family planning services were integrated under the Primary Health Care System. In 2010, contraceptive implants were adopted by FMH, which are primarily used in Khartoum.<ref>[http://www.slideshare.net/RCRU/availability-of-family-planning-methods-in-sudan Description of Available Contraceptive Methods in Sudan]</ref> | The history of modern family planning in Sudan goes back to 1965, when the Sunday Family Planning Association was founded. This was followed by the establishment of the Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Project by the Ministry of Health in 1975. Later, in 1985, family planning services were integrated under the Primary Health Care System. In 2010, contraceptive implants were adopted by FMH, which are primarily used in Khartoum.<ref>[http://www.slideshare.net/RCRU/availability-of-family-planning-methods-in-sudan Description of Available Contraceptive Methods in Sudan]</ref> | ||